Magnetic compasses, which use the Earth's magnetic field to determine direction
Gyroscopic compasses, which use the principle of gyroscopic precession to determine direction
GPS compasses, which use GPS signals to determine direction
Optical compasses, which use a sighting mechanism to determine direction by aligning an object with a fixed point.
The magnetic compass is believed to have been first invented by the Chinese during the Han dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE). However, it was not used for navigation until the Song dynasty (960-1279 CE), when Chinese navigators began using it to navigate ships at sea. The magnetic compass was first brought to Europe by traders during the 12th century, and it quickly became an essential tool for navigation.
During the Age of Exploration, the magnetic
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compass played a crucial role in the success of voyages of discovery, such as those of Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan. In the centuries that followed, the compass was improved upon and combined with other navigational tools, such as the sextant and chronometer, to allow for more accurate navigation at sea.
In the early 20th century, the magnetic compass was replaced by more advanced navigation systems such as radar and GPS
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A World War I issue Cruchon & Emons of London Vernier's Pattern VII compass, in original stitched leather case, brass with ebonised finish, folding top plate, sight and suspension ring, the mother-of-pearl ringed dial with securing side button, maker's…
1939-45 star medal with display the medal with Battle of Britain clasp, two badges, Spitfire model and vintage aviators cap, miniature compass and 1942 stocking medallion
Jack Sue's field compass with case, TG Co Ltd London; Serial no 45339 1940 MK III. This type of compass was used throughout World War II during the Japanese occupation as well as in the Malaysia conflict. Jack's compass was damaged during an operational…
A World War I army compass believed to Have been used by Sgt. George B. Nagle 1st Machine Cun Company, By 'Sherwood & Co. London no. 54404 1915', chromed brass, inscribed to lid '1st Mgc 546 Sgt G B Nagle France 16.6.16', with a copy of Nagle's war…