Chinese and Japanese scholar's stones, also known as scholar's rocks or gongshi in Chinese and suiseki in Japanese, are natural rocks or stones that are admired for their aesthetic and symbolic qualities. They have a long history in both Chinese and Japanese art and culture.
In China, the tradition of appreciating scholar's rocks dates back to the Tang dynasty (618-907 AD), when they were first collected and displayed in gardens, courtyards, and indoor spaces. These rocks were often chosen for their unusual shapes, textures, and colors, and were regarded as miniature landscapes that could evoke a sense of tranquility and contemplation.
During the Song dynasty (960-1279 AD), the appreciation of scholar's rocks became more refined, and collectors began to display them on specially designed wooden stands, known as dai. These stands were often decorated with intricate carvings or inscriptions, and were intended to complement more...
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