Jingdezhen Porcelain Vase with Guilin Landscape

• Republic Period - The Chinese Republic period, also known as the Republic of China period, lasted from 1912 to 1949. It began with the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty in 1911 and the establishment of the Republic of China under Sun Yat-sen. During this period, the country underwent significant political, social, and economic changes, including the adoption of a new constitution, the expansion of civil liberties, and the modernization of the economy. However, the Republic of China period was also marked by political instability, with numerous warlords and factions vying for power and influence, and the country was eventually engulfed in a civil war between the Nationalists and the Communists. The Republic of China period came to an end in 1949, when the Communists emerged victorious and established the People's Republic of China, while the Nationalists retreated to Taiwan where they established a separate government.
• Jingdezhen Kilns - The Jingdezhen kilns are a series of kilns located in Jingdezhen, a city in the Jiangxi province of China, which have been producing high-quality porcelain since the Han Dynasty (206 BCE?220 CE). The city's location in a valley surrounded by mountains provided it with abundant supplies of high-quality kaolin clay, which is essential for the production of porcelain.
  
  Jingdezhen quickly became one of the most important centres of porcelain production in China, and its porcelain was highly prized by the imperial court and exported to markets throughout Asia and Europe. During the Song Dynasty (960-1279 CE), the kilns began to produce blue-and-white porcelain, which became a hallmark of Jingdezhen porcelain production.
  
  In the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 CE), Jingdezhen porcelain production reached its peak, with the kilns producing a wide range of objects, from bowls and vases to figurines and architectural tiles. The porcelain produced during this time was noted for its fine quality, translucent white body, and delicate decoration. The kilns also developed new decorative techniques, such as the use of overglaze enamels and famille-verte ("green family") decoration.
  
  During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912 CE), the Jingdezhen kilns continued to produce porcelain, but the market for porcelain began to shift towards export markets in Europe and the Americas. Jingdezhen porcelain was highly prized by European collectors and royalty, and the kilns produced many objects specifically for export, such as tea sets, dinnerware, and decorative objects.
  
  Today, the Jingdezhen kilns continue to produce porcelain, although the industry has faced challenges from modern manufacturing techniques and competition from other countries. Nevertheless, the city remains an important center of porcelain production and has become a popular destination for tourists interested in traditional Chinese crafts and culture.

This item has been included into following indexes:

• Chinese ceramics, dynasty mark or period - vases, Republic period (1912 - 1949) 447
• Chinese ceramics, item type - vases, other 2,526