A George III satinwood, padouk and inlaid tripod table attributed to John Cobb (d. 1778) the oval tilt-top cross-banded in satinwood and inlaid with a ribbon-tied bouquet of roses, the leaf carved baluster pedestal on three down swept supports with scrolled terminals and block feet 71 cm high, 53 cm wide, 45.5 cm deep. provenance: Christie's Melbourne, sale number 101, May 28 - 29, 2001, lot 255. Note: the history of this elegant tea-table can be linked with the Parisian taste for floral tapestried chairs, with 'Roman' medallion backs, which was popularised at the Gobelins manufactory in the 1750s and rapidly spread to England. Such chairs generally accompanied the magnificent wall tapestries that were woven to the designs of Francois Boucher and celebrated the 'Loves of the Roman Gods' as derived from Ovid's 'Metamorphoses'. A set of these Gobelins tapestries and suites of floral upholstery was ordered in 1766 for Moor Park, Hertfordshire by Sir Lawrence Dunda (d.1781); and the giltwood frames for the seat furniture were executed 1771 by the London cabinet-makers Messrs Lawrence Fell and William Turton. It is likely that this tea-table was also provided for Moor Park. Its golden top displays a Trompe l'oeil beribboned bouquet of roses, that are sacred to Venus; and this is inlaid within a 'Roman' medallion frame; while a vase wrapped by Grecian palms is incorporated in the table's 'Pillar', which is supported on a tripod 'Claw' of serpentined and voluted trusses. In the 1770s the manufacture of such inlaid bouquet medallions 'In remarkable fine coloured woods' was a speciality of the golden square firm of Messrs John Mayhew and William Ince. However it is perhaps more likely that this table was supplied by the St Martin's Lane cabinet-maker John Cobb (d.1778), who was noted 1770 by Sir Lawrence as having supplied him with furniture totalling 'About 1500 pounds'. (G. Beard and C. Gilbert Dictionary of English furniture makers, Leeds, 1986 p.927). In 1784 the Moor Park furnishings and furniture were moved to the Dundas London town house, 19 Arlington Street, and it was here that the table appeared in a photograph taken in 1902 for the magazine the Kind, reprinted in London interior, country life Arum press 2000, page 56 & 57
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- Tripod Base - A type of base used on small tables in the 18th and 19th century, consisting of either a stem to a three legged pillar, or three legs attached to the top. The former was derived from the candle stand, which has a small top and a long stem, terminating in the three legged pillar.
In the 19th century this type of base was popular on wine and occasional tables, and its use extended into larger centre, breakfast and drum tables.
- Attributed - A cataloguing term where the item in the opinion of the cataloguers, is a of the period of the artist, craftsman or designer, and which probably in whole or part is the work of that person.
- Crossbanding - Crossbanding is a decorative technique used in furniture-making, where thin strips of wood, known as crossbands, are applied to the surface of a piece of furniture to create a decorative border or inlay. The crossbands are typically made of a different type of wood or a different color than the main piece of furniture, and are applied in a geometric pattern, such as a checkerboard or herringbone design.
Crossbanding was a popular decorative technique in furniture-making from the 17th to the 19th centuries, particularly in the Baroque, Rococo, and Chippendale styles. It was often used to create intricate patterns and designs on the surfaces of tables, desks, cabinets, and other pieces of furniture. The crossbands were often made of exotic woods, such as ebony or rosewood, which were imported from other parts of the world and were highly prized for their rich colors and patterns.
- Block Feet - Block feet are usually found on square or sometimes tapered legs. Although the basic block foot is square on all sides, there are variations including a tapered block foot, moulded block foot and carved block foot.
- Giltwood - Giltwood is used to describe a gold finish on furniture and other decorative wooden items, whereby a thin sheet of gold metal, called gold leaf, is applied to the surface for decorative purposes.
Unlike gilding, where the gold leaf is applied over a coating of gesso, with giltwood the gold leaf is applied direct to the surface, or over a coat of linseed oil gold leaf adhesive.
Most gold-finished mirrors will be gilded, whereas furniture with gold highlights will have the gold applied through the giltwood method.
- Trompe L'oeil - Literally translated from the French, trompe l'oeil means "to deceive or trick the eye" and describes works whose subjects are presented so realistically that the viewer of the artwork or object believe they are looking at a three-dimensional object.
- Baluster (furniture) - An architectural term for a column in a balustrade or staircase, often defined as a "vase shape". The shape is extensively used in furniture and decorative arts.
In furniture, it is used to describe a chair or table leg turned in that form, or more usually as an inverted baluster, with the bulbous section to the top. Less commonly used to describe a chair back that has the outline of a baluster. A baluster may also be split and applied to the front of a cupboard for ornamentation.
For ceramics and silver items it is often used to describe the shape of the whole item, rather than a part.
In Georgian glassware, the shape is commonly seen in the stem of glasses.
- Inlay - Decorative patterns inserted into the main body of a piece of furniture, generally in wood of contrasting colour and grain, though brass, ivory, ebony, shell and sometimes horn have been used. Inlay may consist of a panel of well figured timber inset into a cabinet door front, geometric patterns, or complex and stylized designs of flowers, swags of foliage, fruits and other motifs. As a general rule, in pieces where the carcase is constructed in the solid, the inlay is relatively simple such as stringing, cross banding and herringbone banding. Where more elaborate and decorative work was required veneer was used. Inlay has been fashionable from at least the latter half of the 17th century, when a variety of elaborate forms were developed
- Padouk - Padouk is a richly coloured dense and heavy timber, varying in colour from dark crimson to brown and red, found in Africa and Asia. It was often used as a furniture timber in India, for making furniture in the Anglo-Indian style. Padouk was also imported into England and France in small quantities in the 18th and 19th centuries, and occasionally English and French examples of furniture made of this timber come onto the market.
- Aphrodite / Venus - In Greek mythology, Aphrodite is the goddess of love, desire and beauty, whilst in Roman mythology she is called Venus.
- Satinwood - Satinwood is a dense pale gold coloured timber that was imported into Britain in the second half of the 18th century, and early 19th centuries from the East Indies and the West Indies. The name derives from the satin-like surface sheen when the timber is polished.
It was used in the solid, as a veneer and in inlays. As well as furniture, satinwood was used for making musical instruments, barometers, boxes and clocks.
It will usually be found on only the very best quality objects, presumably because of of its cost at the time.
- Provenance - A term used to describe the provable history of an antique or work of art, and thus an additional aid to verifying its authenticity. Provenance can have an inflating effect on the price of an item, particularly if the provenance relates to the early settlement of Australia, a famous person, or royalty. Less significant are previous sales of the item through an auction house or dealer.
- George Iii - George III (1738 - 1820) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1760 to 1820.
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