An Ernst Plank gauge III Vulkan passenger set, live steam European outline locomotive, circa 1895 model 0-4-0, comprising the locomotive with 'Vulkan' stamp, tender, gondola and coach with a six piece circular track section and original box the locomotive 14 cm high, 16 cm long note Ernst plank & Company started out in 1866 in Nuremberg Germany as a toy-repair shop. Named after the Company founder, they made magic lanterns, steam engines, die cast metal planes, boats, cars, steamboats and sewing machines produced from pressed tin plate. At one time it was the second largest manufacturer of magic lanterns. The Company was located at Hochfederstrasse 40 in Nuremberg. Plank's toys were notable for their quality, often being ornate in design and more finely finished than other manufacturers of that era.
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- Live Steam - Live steam models are small, usually scale models of steam-powered vehicles or machinery that use real steam to power their movement. These models can be incredibly detailed and complex, often featuring working pistons, cylinders, and other steam-powered components.
Live steam models are typically made by hobbyists and enthusiasts, who enjoy building and operating these miniature steam-powered machines. They can be used to create working replicas of everything from steam locomotives and steamboats to steam engines and traction engines.
- Diecast - The toy is made by by pouring molten metal into a closed metal die or mould. The first metal used was a lead alloy, but the finsihed product was very soft and broke easily, and was replaced with an alloy of zinc mixed with small amounts of aluminium and copper.
- Gauge - The first model railways had a track width of 48mm (1.89 inches) which was named 1 gauge. With smaller key-wind locomotives a narrower gauge was introduced, call 0 gauge, and then in the early 20th century "half 0" (or HO) gauge was introduced. In Britain and the Commonwealth countries this was called "00" gauge.
- Circa - A Latin term meaning 'about', often used in the antique trade to give an approximate date for the piece, usually considered to be five years on either side of the circa year. Thus, circa 1900 means the piece was made about 1900, probably between 1895 and 1905. The expression is sometimes abbreviated to c.1900.
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