Jacobean Oak Side Chairs with Carved Details
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- Turning - Any part of a piece of furniture that has been turned and shaped with chisels on a lathe. Turned sections include legs, columns, feet, finials, pedestals, stretchers, spindles etc. There have been many varieties and fashions over the centuries: baluster, melon, barley-sugar, bobbin, cotton-reel, rope-twist, and so on. Split turning implies a turned section that has been cut in half lengthwise and applied to a cabinet front as a false decorative support.
- Jacobean - Jacobean is the name applied to the style of furniture and decorative arts in vogue from about 1600 to 1630 which includes the reign of James I (1603-1625). The most common timber used is oak, and it is ornamented with turning and elaborate carving. Characteristic of decoration of furniture in this style are bun feet, mortice and tenon joints (replacing dowell joints) and 'X' frame chairs.
The style was revived in the 19th furniture (Jacobean Revival or "Jacobean style") as represented by most of the furniture coming onto the market in Australia, that is described as "Jacobean". - Oak - Native to Europe and England, oak has been used for joinery, furniture and building since the beginning of the medieval civilisation. It is a pale yellow in colour when freshly cut and darkens with age to a mid brown colour.
Oak as a furniture timber was superceded by walnut in the 17th century, and in the 18th century by mahogany,
Semi-fossilised bog oak is black in colour, and is found in peat bogs where the trees have fallen and been preserved from decay by the bog. It is used for jewellery and small carved trinkets.
Pollard oak is taken from an oak that has been regularly pollarded, that is the upper branches have been removed at the top of the trunk, result that new branches would appear, and over time the top would become ball-like. . When harvested and sawn, the timber displays a continuous surface of knotty circles. The timber was scarce and expensive and was used in more expensive pieces of furniture in the Regency and Victorian periods.
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