Learn about antiques and collectables...
Click on a category below to show all the entries for that category.
Learn about and understand the items, manufacturers, designers and periods as well as the specialist terms used in describing antiques and collectables. Either click one of the letters below to list the items beginning with that letter, or click on a category on the left side of the screen to list the items under that category.
R. D. Kirkman & Co.
Reginald (Reg) Dominick Kirkman was born in 1910 in Cobar, New South Wales, but early in his life his family moved to Annandale, Sydney. In his late teens and early 20s he worked for Beard Watsons, a large department store in the centre of Sydney who had their own furniture manufacturing and retail business. In the mid to late 30’s he travelled to London and worked in the large department stores there, particularly those selling furniture.
After service during World War II, he established his own business, R D Kirkman and Co. in 1946 selling reproduction period furniture on the 8th Floor of Dymocks Building on George Street in Sydney. In 1967-8 he established a new retail presence on Castlereagh Street Sydney trading as Kirkman Studios. His son Michael, an architect joined the family business in 1976.
The business remained in Castlereagh Street until 1984, after which it moved the business to Paddington. Reg Kirkman continued working in the business until he passed away in 2001. In the early 2000s changing fashions and increasing competition from Asia led to the gradual decline of the business and after trading for 65 years the business closed in 2011.
[Supplied by Michael Kirkman, son of Reg Kirkman.]
R. S. Prussia Porcelain
R.S. Prussia porcelain refers to a type of high-quality porcelain produced in Germany during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and then after World War II in Poland by the Reinhold Schlegelmilch factory. The name "R.S. Prussia" is derived from the red mark that was often stamped on the bottom of these porcelain pieces, indicating their origin and manufacturer. The porcelain was not actually produced in Prussia, but rather in Tillowitz, the area of what is now modern-day Poland.
During the late 19th century, R.S. Prussia porcelain was heavily influenced by the Art Nouveau movement. The designs featured flowing lines, organic shapes, and intricate details, often hand-painted with colourful and elaborate decorations. The wares were typically moulded into various forms, such as plates, vases, bowls, and teapots then then carefully hand-painted by skilled artisans.
In addition to hand-painting, R.S. Prussia porcelain also utilized transfers and decals for decoration. These techniques allowed for more consistent and intricate designs to be applied to the porcelain. R.S. Prussia porcelain is also known for its iridescent and lustre finishes, achieved through the application of special glazes. This gave the porcelain pieces a distinctive and shimmering appearance, further adding to their appeal.
The production of R.S. Prussia porcelain flourished during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, but it eventually faced challenges. The factory had to adapt to changing tastes and market demands. World War I and economic difficulties in the aftermath further impacted production.
The Tillowitz factory kept producing porcelain during World War II. The company was taken over by the Polish state in 1946 and privatized in 1995 under the name Fabryka Porcelitu Tu?owice SA. The production in 2011 concentrated on sanitary and building ceramics including tiles.
Rachel Bishop
When Rachel Bishop joined Moorcroft in 1993, she was only the fourth Moorcroft designer in 100 years. She followed the founder of the firm, William Moorcroft 1913-1945, his son William from 1945 to the 1980s, and Sally Tuffin to 1992.
In the 1970's the prosperity of the company continued to decline and the low point was reached in the mid 1980's at which time the company had only 16 employees remaining.
The revival began when Moorcroft was purchased by Richard Dennis (the husband of Sally Tuffin) and Hugh Edwards.
Richard Dennis and Sally Tuffin left the company in 1993, leaving the Edwards family in ownership. The design vacuum was filled by Rachel Bishop, and although only 24 years old when she joined, she was soon to see sales of her William Morris inspired designs flourish and with it the company continued its revival, its' employees now numbering several hundred.
Her success was rewarded with the creation of the Moorcroft Design Studio in 1997, comprising eight designers with Rachel Bishop as the head designer.
Radiograms
The radiogram is a combination device from the 1930s-1960s that housed both a radio and a record player (then called a gramophone) in a single, often stylish wooden cabinet. These bulky, furniture-like units were expensive and were aimed at affluent households. The units were often housed in cabinets designed in the style of Sheraton and Chippendale.
After World War II, demand for entertainment soared and radiograms became more affordable and accessible, evolving into sleek, streamlined marvels of design. In the following decades, the new popularity of rock and roll and the explosion of pop music fuelled the popularity of vinyl records.
However by the 1970’s the rise of standalone stereo systems and portable cassette players reduced the demand for radiograms and the decline of AM radio and the switch to FM further challenged their relevance.
Raewyn Atkinson
Raewyn Atkinson is a New Zealand ceramicist who has been working with clay for over 30 years. She was born in Ahuriri/Napier, New Zealand in 1955. She studied Art History at Victoria University of Wellington and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1998.
Atkinson's work is inspired by her surroundings, including the natural environment, architecture, and history. She often uses translucent porcelain to create delicate and intricate forms. Her work has been exhibited in solo and group exhibitions throughout New Zealand and internationally.
In 2000, Atkinson was awarded an Antarctic Arts Fellowship under the Artists in Antarctica Programme. She spent three weeks in Antarctica, where she was inspired by the landscape and the wildlife. Her experiences in Antarctica led to several major exhibitions, including Terra Nova and Designs on Antarctica.
Atkinson has also received several awards for her work, including the Premier Portage Ceramic Award in both 2003 and 2015. In 2015, she was also awarded the Juror's Prize at the Gyeonggi International Ceramics Biennale in South Korea.
Atkinson's work is held in the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, The Dowse Art Museum, the Auckland War Memorial Museum, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, and the Museum of Contemporary Ceramic Art in Japan. She is a member of the New Zealand Society of Potters and the NZ Ceramics Network. She lives and works in Wellington, New Zealand.
Rail
A term used by cabinet makers for the horizontal sections of the frame of an item such as a chair or settee which have a front rail, a back rail and two side rails, and also on a door or carcase, where the rails are joined to the vertical framings.
Railway Memorabilia
Collecting railway memorabilia is a fascinating and popular
hobby that involves the acquisition and preservation of objects related to
railways and the history of rail transportation. Railway memorabilia can
include a wide range of objects, such as vintage locomotive parts, train sets,
tickets, timetables, station signs, and railway company advertising materials.
One of the primary motivations for collecting railway
memorabilia is the historical significance of these objects. Railways played a
pivotal role in the industrialization of many countries, and were key to the
growth and development of many towns and cities. Collecting railway memorabilia
can provide a tangible connection to this history, and offer insights into the
social, economic, and technological changes brought about by the railways.
Another motivation for collecting railway memorabilia is the
aesthetic appeal of these objects. Many railway-related objects, such as
station signs and posters, are highly decorative and visually striking. The
intricate designs and typography of railway advertisements and timetables can
also be appreciated for their artistic and graphic design qualities.
Collectors of railway memorabilia often specialize in
specific types of objects or eras of railway history. For example, some
collectors focus on vintage steam locomotives, while others may collect objects
related to a specific railway company or era of railway history.
There are several factors that can impact the value of
railway memorabilia, including rarity, condition, provenance, and historical
significance. Collectors should exercise caution when purchasing railway
memorabilia, and should conduct thorough research and authentication to ensure
that they are acquiring genuine objects that are consistent with their
interests and collecting goals.
Ralph Lauren Corporation
Ralph Lauren (1939 - ) founded the American fashion company Ralph Lauren Corporation in 1967. The company is known for its high-end clothing, accessories, and home furnishings, as well as its iconic Polo brand.
Ralph Lauren started out selling men's ties under the label "Polo" in 1967. His design aesthetic was inspired by the classic, preppy style of the Ivy League, and his early collections featured traditional patterns and colors such as navy, red, and white. In 1971, Lauren introduced his first complete menswear collection, featuring a range of clothing and accessories, and the company quickly expanded from there.
Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, Ralph Lauren continued to grow and expand its product offerings. The company introduced a women's clothing line in 1971, and over the years it has added a wide range of other products, including fragrances, home furnishings, and accessories.
One of the key elements of Ralph Lauren's brand identity is the iconic Polo logo, which features a horse and rider. The logo has become synonymous with the company and is recognized around the world as a symbol of high-end fashion and luxury.
In addition to the Polo brand, the Ralph Lauren Corporation owns several other brands, including Club Monaco, Chaps, and RRL. The company's products are sold in more than 80 countries, and it operates more than 500 retail stores worldwide.
Over the years, Ralph Lauren has become known for its classic, timeless designs that combine traditional elements with modern touches. The company's clothing and accessories are often made from high-quality materials and are designed to last for years. Ralph Lauren has also been praised for its commitment to sustainability, with initiatives such as the "Design the Change" program, which focuses on reducing the company's environmental impact.
Today, the Ralph Lauren Corporation remains one of the most iconic and recognizable fashion brands in the world. Its products are popular among celebrities and fashion enthusiasts alike, and the company's commitment to quality and style has helped it to maintain its position as a leader in the luxury fashion industry. Ralph Lauren stepped down as CEO of the company in September 2015 but remains executive chairman and chief creative officer.
Rat Tail
A spoon with a flattened handle, tapering from the narrow section at the bowl, and wider as the top of the handle, that when viewed from above is of a similiar shape to a rat's tail. Also known as the Hanoverian pattern, as its manufacture spanned the reigns of George I, II and III (part) of the House of Hanover dynasty. The rat tail pattern was the forerunner to the Old English pattern.
Ray and Charles Eames
Ray and Charles Eames were a husband-and-wife team of designers who made a significant impact on the world of furniture and industrial design in the mid-20th century. They were both born in the early 1900s in the United States, and they met while studying at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Michigan.
After finishing their studies, Ray and Charles Eames started a design studio in Los Angeles, California, where they began to experiment with new materials and techniques for furniture design. Their approach was based on a desire to create furniture that was both functional and aesthetically pleasing, and they were particularly interested in using new materials like molded plywood and fiberglass to achieve this goal.
One of the Eameses' most famous designs was the "Eames Lounge Chair and Ottoman," which was introduced in 1956. This chair became an icon of mid-century modern design and is still in production today. Another notable design was the "Eames Molded Plywood Chair," which was produced using a process that involved bending plywood in a way that had never been done before.
In addition to furniture design, Ray and Charles Eames also worked on a wide range of other design projects, including films, graphics, and exhibitions. They were particularly interested in exploring the potential of new technologies like film and photography to communicate ideas and information in innovative ways.
Throughout their career, Ray and Charles Eames received numerous awards and accolades for their work, including several prestigious design awards from the Museum of Modern Art in New York. Their designs continue to be highly influential today and are often seen as a symbol of the mid-century modern aesthetic that remains popular in interior design and architecture.
Ray-Ban Sunglasses
Ray-Ban is an American sunglasses brand that was founded in 1936 by Bausch & Lomb. The brand initially produced sunglasses for pilots, and the name "Ray-Ban" was derived from the words "ray" for the sun's rays and "ban" for blocking them.
The brand's first product, the Aviator, was designed specifically for pilots and featured a metal frame and green lenses that provided protection from glare and harmful UV rays. The Aviator became popular not only among pilots but also among civilians, and it quickly became a cultural icon that was associated with both style and functionality.
In the following years, Ray-Ban continued to innovate and expand its product line. In 1952, the brand introduced the Wayfarer, which was a departure from the traditional metal frame and featured a plastic frame and trapezoidal lenses. The Wayfarer became a popular choice among celebrities and musicians, and it helped to establish Ray-Ban as a symbol of cool and fashionable eyewear.
In the 1960s, Ray-Ban became even more closely associated with popular culture when it was featured in the movie "Breakfast at Tiffany's." In the film, Audrey Hepburn wore a pair of Wayfarers, and the sunglasses quickly became a must-have accessory for fashion-conscious consumers.
In the following decades, Ray-Ban continued to innovate and expand its product offerings. The brand introduced new styles, such as the Clubmaster and the Round, and it also developed new technologies, such as polarized lenses and the use of lightweight materials.
Ray-Ban is now one of the most recognized and respected brands in the eyewear industry. Its products are popular among both fashion enthusiasts and outdoor enthusiasts, and the brand continues to innovate and push the boundaries of what is possible with sunglasses and it remains a leader in the luxury eyewear market.
Rbc (round Brilliant Cut) Diamond
An RBC diamond is a "Round Brilliant Cut diamond." It is a popular diamond cut, known for its excellent light performance and overall brilliance. A round brilliant cut diamond has 58 facets, which are precisely cut and polished to maximize the diamond's brightness, fire, and scintillation. The RBC cut is the most popular diamond shape, accounting for approximately 75% of all diamonds sold worldwide.
Reading Chair
A term applied to many easy chairs dating from the early 18th century. Reading chairs were usually upholstered, with arms, and often fitted with side 'wings' to keep draughts away from the sitter. Some had detachable book rests on the arms. Victorian versions were often slightly more reclining in shape with scrolled arms and leather upholstery. See under library chair, wing chair and cockfighting chair.
Rebate Plane
In cabinet making, a rebate is a shallow groove that is cut into the edge of a piece of wood. Rebates are used for a variety of purposes, including joining two pieces of wood together, attaching hardware, and creating a decorative detail.
Rebates can be cut using a variety of tools, including a chisel, a router, or a tablesaw. The depth and width of the rebate will depend on the specific purpose it is being used for and the thickness of the wood.
Reeding
A series of parallel, raised convex mouldings or bands, in section resembling a series of the letter 'm'. The opposite form of fluting, with which it is sometimes combined. Reeding is commonly found on chair legs, either turned or straight, on the arms and backs of chairs and couches and around table edges in the Neoclassical or Classical Revival manner. Reeding was also used as a form of decoration during the Edwardian period, but it is usually much shallower and evidently machine made.
Refectory Table
A long, substantial, solid-topped table, without leaves or extensions, used as a dining table. They were originally used in the refectories, or dining halls of monasteries, and are found in such places as boarding schools and university halls of residence. The tables usually have heavy turned legs, sometimes connected by stretchers close to the floor, and often have additional supporting legs along the railed frame. The term is also sometimes applied to a much shorter solid-topped table with a somewhat Jacobean flavour of the early 20th century.
Regence Style Furniture
The Régence style of French furniture emerged during the early 18th century, spanning roughly from 1715 to 1730. This transitional style bridged the gap between the preceding Louis XIV style and the subsequent Rococo style of Louis XV, incorporating elements of both while also introducing new design characteristics.
The Régence style is characterized by its lighter and more fluid forms compared to the robust and heavy furniture of the Louis XIV era. It exhibits a sense of grace, refinement, and a departure from the strict symmetry that defined the earlier style. The design elements of the Régence style were influenced by a growing interest in the decorative arts, Oriental influences, and a desire for more intimate and comfortable interiors.
Chairs in the Régence style often feature curved backs and cabriole legs, which are elegantly carved and terminate in scrolled feet. The seats are padded and typically upholstered with rich fabrics, such as silk or velvet. The backs of the chairs may showcase intricate carving or openwork, often depicting foliage or shell motifs. The armrests are gracefully shaped and sometimes adorned with acanthus leaf motifs.
Tables in the Régence style can vary in shape, including rectangular, round, or oval forms. They often feature slender, curvaceous legs, sometimes with carved decorations such as scrolls or acanthus leaves. The tabletops may be adorned with marquetry or parquetry, showcasing intricate patterns or scenes. Exotic woods, such as rosewood or kingwood, were commonly used in the construction of Régence furniture.
Chests of drawers and commodes in the Régence style often have curved or serpentine fronts, imparting a sense of movement and elegance. They feature delicate and finely executed carving, with motifs such as acanthus leaves, flowers, or shell designs. The hardware, including drawer pulls and escutcheons, is typically ornamental and may incorporate motifs such as foliage or mythical creatures.
Mirrors in the Régence style are typically tall and narrow, with elegant and sinuous frames. The frames may be adorned with carved decorations, such as scrolls, shells, or foliage motifs. The mirrors themselves are often divided into sections, creating an interesting visual effect.
The Régence style incorporates a light and playful color palette. Soft pastel shades, such as pale blues, pinks, greens, and creams, are commonly used in upholstery and decorative elements. Gilding is also prevalent in Régence furniture, adding a touch of luxury and enhancing the overall elegance of the pieces.
The Régence style represents a transitional period in French furniture design, blending elements of the preceding Louis XIV style with the emerging Rococo aesthetic. Its graceful curves, refined carving, and lighter forms reflect a shift towards more intimate and comfortable interiors. The Régence style continues to be appreciated for its elegance, charm, and its influence on the subsequent development of French furniture design.
Regency Chair
A style introduced during the Classical Revival, based on the design of the ancient Greek klismos. The distinguishing features are the sabre leg and the rounded spade back usually extending beyond the back uprights.
Regency Period
The Regency period in English furniture design refers to the period when King George III, was declared unfit to rule in 1811, and his son ruled as proxy as Prince Regent, until 1820, and then, after the death of his father as George IV until his death in 1830. The Regency period was preceded by the Georgian period (George I, George II, and George III: 1714 - 1811), and was followed by the William IV period, which only lasted until 1837 when William IV died as was succeeded by Queen Victoria.
Registered Design
During the period 1842-1883 the Patent Office issued a diamond mark along with the registration number when a design was registered.
Besides indicating that the design had been registered, a diamond mark offered the buyer the reassurance of knowing an item was of British design. It assured the person registering the design a degree of protection from copying.
The mark was created to identify the type of material used (known as the class), how many items were included, (sometimes known as bundles or packages), and the date of registration.
On the diamond mark the year of registration is shown along with the month code. However, there are two ranges of year codes; 1842-1867 and 1868-1883. By looking at the design of the diamond mark you should be able to determine the correct year from the design of the diamond mark and the placing of the day number.
Source and further information: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/records/research-guides/reg-design-diamond.htm
Registered Numbers
Between 1842 and 1883, a diamond- shaped mark was used to identify items as British-made, which classified the item according to the material from which it was manufactured, as well as the date of registration. This system was discontinued in 1884 when a numbering system was introduced.
Design registration is for "what and item looks like", and is not a patent ("how something works") or trade mark ("what it is called").
The registered number is usually on an under-surface of an object (on the base of ceramics) and oftern shown as "Rd. No. 99999", sometimes surrounded by a rectangular box.
The table below lists the year, and the first registered number for that year:
1884 1
1885 18,993
1886 39,547
1887 61,207
1888 87,266
1889 111,664
1890 140,481
1891 160,613
1892 183,259
1893 203,348
1894 223,861
1895 244,726
1896 266,237
1897 288,848
1898 309,956
1899 328,527
1900 349,120
1901 367,628
1902 380,979
1903 401,944
1904 422,489
1905 428,004
1906 469,160
1907 486,464
1908 516,375
1909 533,561
1910 546,084
1911 561,570
1912 585,707
1913 608,541
1914 627,887
1915 642,613
1916 651,079
1917 655,001
1918 662,576
1919 665,728
1920 664,869
1921 676,491
1922 685,412
1923 691,571
1924 695,944
1925 705,943
1926 716,386
1927 723,430
1928 725,899
1929 740,459
1930 741,336
1931 757,945
1932 767,110
Remued
"PPP", "Remued" and "Pamela" were trade names or marks used by Premier Pottery, established in Preston, a suburb of Melbourne by two Potters, David Dee and Reg Hawkins in 1929.
The company was set up to produce art pottery, unlike other [potteries of the time whose main business was in producing building materials such as bricks and roof tiles, and who produced decorative items as a sideline.
At first the pottery was marketed with the "PPP" marking and the trade name "Remued" was introduced around 1933, and used alongside the "PPP" brand.
The mark "Pamela" was introduced about the same time in an effort to convince customers that the wares marked with the "Pamela" name were created by a studio potter rather than in a factory, but this mark was in use for less than year.
Some 'Remued" and "Pamela" pieces are also marked "Hand Made".
From around 1934 the company was using the "Remued" name exclusively, and this coincided with the death of one of the founders, David Dee, and an introduction of additional capital by the future wife of Reg Hawkins, Noni Deumer, whose surname spelt backwards is "Remued".
Production at the factory continued under Alan Hawkins, with the head potter, Allan James becoming a part owner in the early 1950s.
The business continued through until the end of 1955 when the firm closed.
"Remued" wares are recognisable by their drip-glazes, use of gum leaves and gumnuts for decoration, twig-like handles on jugs, vases and bowls, and applied decoration featuring grapevines, koalas and other animals.
For a comprehensive history of Premier Pottery go to www.remued.com
Rent Tables
A rent table is similar to a drum table, but with a larger rotating circular tooled leather top with drawers around the frieze, standing on a pedestal base. According to tradition they were used by landlords to keep the accounts of rent monies due and paid by tenants, with a drawer for the accounts of each tenant.
Republic Period
The Chinese Republic period, also known as the Republic of China period, lasted from 1912 to 1949. It began with the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty in 1911 and the establishment of the Republic of China under Sun Yat-sen. During this period, the country underwent significant political, social, and economic changes, including the adoption of a new constitution, the expansion of civil liberties, and the modernization of the economy. However, the Republic of China period was also marked by political instability, with numerous warlords and factions vying for power and influence, and the country was eventually engulfed in a civil war between the Nationalists and the Communists. The Republic of China period came to an end in 1949, when the Communists emerged victorious and established the People's Republic of China, while the Nationalists retreated to Taiwan where they established a separate government.
Ressell, Sigurd
Sigurd Ressell born in 1920 this Norwegian designer was first recognised by Niels Vodder in a drawing competition. A prototype made from this drawing went on to become the SR 600 chair and won an award at the Copenhagen Cabinetmaker’s Guild Exhibition. The 'Falcon' chair produced by Vatne Mobler of Norway is without doubt Ressell’s most successful design and one of the most comfortable chairs available.
Restauration Period
The Restauration period in French history refers to the years from 1815 to 1830. It followed the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte and the end of the Napoleonic Wars. During the Restauration, the Bourbon monarchy was restored to power in France with Louis XVIII as king. This period was characterized by a conservative and reactionary political climate, as the monarchists sought to undo the liberal and republican ideals of the French Revolution. The Restauration also saw the rise of industrialization and the growth of a middle class in France.
Reuben Watts
Reuben Watts was born in Manchester England on 29 May 1869 where he trained as a jeweller in the Arts and Crafts style. After the death of his wife he decided to visit New Zealand, arriving in Wellington in 1899. He worked for the commercial jewellers Littlejohn and exhibited with NZ Academy of Fine Arts, Wellington 1900–10. before moving to Auckland in 1906 where he worked for A. Kohn. Watts went on to became an independent jeweller exhibiting at the Auckland Arts and Crafts Club in 1912. Watts became known for his fine metal work and and between 1930 and 1939 he taught at Elam School of Art. He was musical, played the 'cello in an amateur trio and went on painting excursions with friend Arthur Heap. He painted watercolours but in later life painted in oils. He died in Auckland 12 December 1940. Reuben Watts is considered a pioneer of the Arts and Crafts
movement in New Zealand.
Reynell, Gladys
Gladys Reynell, born in Adelaide in 1881, studied medicine at Adelaide University but left to study painting with Margaret Rose MacPherson (later Margaret Preston).
In 1912 Gladys Reynell departed for London accompanied by Margaret Preston, where they both studied pottery at the Camberwell School of Arts and Crafts, London.
During the World War I Gladys Reynell and Margaret Preston both taught crafts including pottery to recuperating injured service personnel. Upon their return to Australia in 1919 their joint first exhibition, held in September at Preece's Gallery, Adelaide, included some pottery.
At the Reynella Pottery her assistant was George Osborne, the family's gardener, who also began making pots from the clays he dug and prepared. Eventually George was making most of the pots and Gladys doing the decoration.
In 1922 they married and moved to Ballarat, Victoria, where they established the Osrey Pottery, an acronym formed from their surnames. Osrey wares enjoyed wide popularity and were sold in Melbourne through the Primrose Pottery Shop. and in Sydney and Adelaide. They ceased making pots after George contracted lead poisoning in 1926.
Gladys Reynell died In Melbourne in 1956.
Rhoda Wager
Rhoda Wager (1875 - 1953) was a London born jewellery designer who migrated to Fiji in in 1913, and then to Sydney in in 1918.
She had studied art in Bristol, and then attended the School of Art, Glasgow from 1897 - 1903 where she studied the Arts & Crafts style, and also exhibited there.
She opened premises in Martin Place, adjacent to the major hotels of the day, which supplied much of her clientile, then later moved to Market Street and then Victoria Arcade Chambers. Her jewellery was also sold on consignment by the Sydney department store, Farmer & Co.
Where practical, her jewellery was clearly labelled with a silver plate soldered to the back, reading "WAGER" inside a rectangular frame.
Rhoda Wagers best known design was of trailing vines, leaves and tiny berries.
She retired in 1946.
Richard Brooks
Richard Brooks was born in 1951 in Sydney. In 1971, after studying at East Sydney Technical College and gaining certificates in ceramics, he travelled to England to start a three year apprenticeship with David Leach, and set up his own workshop in Torquay in 1973. On his return to Sydney in 1974 he spent a year as an apprentice to Shiga Shigeo and then gained further experience working for six months at the Royal Doulton Craft Studio in Australia.
Richard brooks established his first workshop, Booralie Pottery, at Terrey Hills, Sydney, in 1976, making high-fired earthenware pots. He took on a number of students over a period of four years before moving to larger premises at Duffy's Forest in 1980 and changing production to stoneware and porcelain. In 1989 he moved to the North Coast of new South Wales.
Richard Cadness
Richard Cadness was born in Christchurch, New Zealand in 1930. He studied architecture at the University of Auckland, but he left after two years to pursue a career in pottery. He studied pottery with Toss Woollaston and John Parker, two of New Zealand's leading potters and was a perfectionist and his work is known for its fine craftsmanship and elegant forms. He was particularly skilled at throwing on the wheel, and his pots are often characterized by their smooth curves and subtle textures. He also experimented with a variety of glazes, creating a wide range of colorus and finishes.
His work was exhibited widely in New Zealand and internationally. He was a member of the New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts and the Canterbury Society of Arts. He was also awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Arts Council Silver Jubilee Award in 1977. Cadness died in Christchurch in 2000.
Richard Clements
Richard Clements was born in London in 1950, he was first introduced to glass at an open day in the research laboratories where his father worked. Fascinated by the medium he applied for an apprenticeship as a scientific glass blower at the age of 16. It was here that he learnt the technical skills to make some very complicated equipment such as vacuum pumps and spiral condensers.
At the age of 20 he migrated to Australia, arriving in Sydney in 1970. He began working in a scientific laboratory and in 1972 with two partners they formed a new business named Argyle Glass, making blown glass items such as dragons, candelabras and mushrooms.
After three years Richard Clements moved to Franklin in Tasmania, where he still works.
Richard Ginori / Doccia Porcelain
Doccia porcelain was produced in the town of Doccia, Italy, starting in the mid-18th century. The Doccia porcelain factory was founded in 1735 by Carlo Ginori, a wealthy Florentine merchant who had a passion for porcelain.
Under Carlo Ginori's leadership, the Doccia porcelain factory quickly gained a reputation for producing some of the finest porcelain in Europe. The factory used a combination of Italian and Chinese techniques to create porcelain that was known for its purity, whiteness, and translucency.
In the late 18th century, Carlo Ginori's son, Lorenzo, took over the management of the factory and continued to build on his father's success. Under Lorenzo's leadership, the factory expanded its product line to include a wider range of decorative items, such as vases, figurines, and tableware.
In the 19th century, the Doccia porcelain factory was renamed Richard Ginori in honor of Lorenzo's son, who took over the business in 1835. Richard Ginori continued to innovate, introducing new techniques and designs that helped the company maintain its reputation for excellence.
During the 20th century, Richard Ginori faced numerous challenges, including the economic turmoil of World War I and World War II, as well as competition from other porcelain manufacturers. However, the company continued to produce high-quality porcelain, and in the postwar period, it became known for its collaborations with leading artists and designers.
In 2013, Richard Ginori was acquired by the Italian luxury brand Gucci, which has invested in the company and helped it to expand its product line and reach new markets.
Richard Parker
Richard Parker is a renowned New Zealand potter who was born in Nelson in 1946. Parker graduated from Christchurch Teachers Training College in 1966 and taught in various schools across New Zealand until 1973. During his time in Nelson, he was introduced to the work of early studio potters, which later inspired him to become a full-time potter. Parker initially produced domestic ware before focusing solely on art pottery from 1979. He was influenced by Bernard Leach, Shoji Hamada and Soetsu Yanagi in his early work but later developed his unique style.
Parker has received numerous accolades throughout his career, including a Queen Elizabeth II Arts Council grant in 1987 and being elected as a member of the International Academy of Ceramics in 2006. He was also commissioned to create an anchorstone, titled G8, for a large-scale installation in New Zealand's Parliament Buildings in 1995.
Parker's work is held in collections across New Zealand and Australia, including The Dowse Art Museum, the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, and the Powerhouse Museum in Sydney. In 2011, Parker was recognised by Objectspace as their inaugural Master of Craft, and a touring survey exhibition and accompanying publication were produced to celebrate his work.
Richie Benaud
Richie Benaud was an Australian cricketer and broadcaster, widely regarded as one of the greatest all-rounders in the history of the sport. He was born in Penrith, New South Wales, Australia in 1930 and grew up playing cricket. He quickly developed a reputation as a talented all-rounder, known for his stylish batting, accurate spin bowling, and exceptional fielding.
Benaud made his debut for the Australian national cricket team in 1952, and went on to play 63 test matches and 28 one-day internationals for his country over the course of his career. He was known for his aggressive captaincy style and his ability to inspire his teammates to perform at their best.
Benaud was also a successful cricket commentator and is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of cricket broadcasting. He began his career as a commentator in the early 1960s, and quickly established himself as a knowledgeable and insightful voice on the sport.
Benaud's broadcasting career spanned more than 50 years, during which he covered some of the most iconic moments in cricket history. He was known for his distinctive voice and his ability to bring the game to life for viewers around the world.
Benaud received numerous awards and accolades over the course of his career, including induction into the Australian Cricket Hall of Fame in 2007 and the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame in 2009. He was also made an Officer of the Order of Australia in recognition of his contributions to the sport of cricket.
Benaud died in 2015 at the age of 84, leaving behind a legacy as one of the greatest cricketers and broadcasters in the history of the sport.
Rick Rudd
Rick Rudd is a New Zealand ceramic artist who was born in Great Yarmouth, England in 1949. He trained at Great Yarmouth and Wolverhampton Colleges of Art, attaining a Diploma of Art and Design, Ceramics in 1972. In 1973 he arrived in New Zealand and settled in Wanganui.
Rudd is a self-taught potter who works in a variety of media, including stoneware, porcelain, and earthenware. His work is characterized by its simple forms, subtle glazes, and functional use. Rudd is a master of the wheel and his work is often wheel-thrown and hand-built. He is also known for his use of slip trailing and inlay techniques.
Rudd's work is represented in many public and private collections, including the Auckland Art Gallery Toi o T?maki, the Sarjeant Gallery Te Papaioea, and the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. He has won numerous awards for his work, including the Fletcher Brownbuilt Pottery Award (1978), the Winstones Bowl Award (1981), the New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts, Caltex Oil Award (1983), the Norsewear Art Award for Pottery (1995) and the Ballantynes Contemporary Tableware Award (2001).
In 2013 Rudd set up the Rick Rudd Foundation, a charitable trust, and in 2015 opened Quartz, Museum of Studio Ceramics. Quartz is a private museum dedicated to the work of New Zealand studio potters. It is located in Wanganui, New Zealand.
Ricketts, William
Born in Melbourne in 1899, William Ricketts was a self-taught sculptor and conservationist, who commenced modelling in clay in about 1920. Well known for his terracotta sculptures and vessels depicting heads and figures of Aboriginal subjects, he owned a property at Olinda in the Dandenong Ranges, now known as the William Rickett Sanctuary, and open to the public. This property is famous for its bush garden heavily decorated with his terracotta sculptures. Ricketts' works are represented in several state and provincial collections. He died in 1993.
Ricky Ponting
Ricky Ponting is one of the most successful and celebrated cricketers of all time. He was born on December 19, 1974, in Launceston, Tasmania, Australia.
Ponting began his cricket career as a young boy, playing for local teams in Tasmania. He quickly established himself as a talented batsman and was selected to represent Tasmania in first-class cricket at the age of 17. He made his debut for the Australian cricket team in 1995, at the age of 20. He went on to become one of the greatest batsmen in the history of the game, with a career that spanned almost two decades. He played 168 Test matches for Australia, scoring 13,378 runs at an average of 51.85. He also played in 375 One Day Internationals (ODIs), scoring 13,704 runs at an average of 42.03.
He was known for his aggressive style of batting, which saw him score many centuries and break numerous records. He was also an exceptional fielder, known for his athleticism and acrobatic catches. Ponting was appointed captain of the Australian cricket team in 2002, taking over from Steve Waugh. He led the team to victory in the 2003 and 2007 Cricket World Cups, as well as many other series and tournaments. He is widely regarded as one of the most successful captains in the history of cricket.
Ponting retired from international cricket in 2012, after a long and illustrious career. He remains involved in the game as a coach and commentator.
Riddell Marly
Riddell Marly was a Melbourne-based interior design firm with a history dating back to the early 1940s. The firm was founded by Reg Riddell, a talented interior designer and stage designer. Riddell began his career as an art dealer, but he quickly found his passion in interior design. He opened his first interior design practice, Riddell Interiors, in 1945. Riddell's work was quickly recognized for its elegance, sophistication, and attention to detail. He was one of the first interior designers in Australia to embrace modern European design styles. He also had a deep appreciation for Australian art and furniture, which he often incorporated into his designs.
In 1960 Riddell merged his practice with Marly Interiors, a successful interior design firm founded by Marly Wilson. The new firm, Riddell Marly, quickly became one of the leading interior design firms in Australia. Riddell Marly designed a wide range of projects over the years, including residential homes, commercial spaces, and hospitality venues. The firm's work has been featured in numerous magazines and publications, and it has won numerous awards.
As well as numerous private commissions, Riddell Marly's most notable public projects include The Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne Visitor Centre, The National Gallery of Victoria, The Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centre, Crown Melbourne Casino and Resort and the The Langham Hotel, Melbourne.
Ridgway Potteries
The Ridgway family was a significant dynasty in the production of Staffordshire pottery from the 1790s to the late 20th century. At their peak in the mid-19th century, several different potteries run by different branches of the family existed.
The Ridgway companies catered to the middle and upper classes, avoiding the cheapest popular wares. They produced a vast range of wares, including earthenware, stoneware, and bone china, with many pieces transfer-printed with elaborate designs, often in underglaze cobalt blue. The American market was a significant market for Ridgway's wares, with designs including landscapes and national heroes.
From 1808, Ridgway began producing bone china in a variety of patterns, with surviving pattern books showing typical styles of the period, such as flowers, landscapes, and modified Neoclassical and Chinese treatments. Ridgway also produced stoneware jugs with heavy relief molded decoration, and later introduced the Homemaker tableware brand, which brought contemporary design to the mass market.
The various Ridgway businesses frequently changed their official names and trading names, making identifying their products challenging. Ridgway Pottery merged with the Booths & Colclough China Company in the 1940s, and later became part of Royal Doulton in 1972.
Riihimaen Lasi Oy
Riihimäen Lasi Oy is a Finnish glass manufacturer that played a significant role in the Finnish glass industry during the 20th century. The company was founded in 1910 in Riihimäki, Finland. The company was initially known as Riihimäen Lasi- ja Posliinitehdas Osakeyhtiö (Riihimäki Glass and Porcelain Factory Ltd.). It started its operations by producing both glass and porcelain items.
In the early years, Riihimäen Lasi Oy focused mainly on producing tableware and household glassware. The company built a reputation for its high-quality glass products, combining functional design with artistic elements. Notable Finnish designers, such as Gunnel Nyman and Helena Tynell, collaborated with Riihimäen Lasi and contributed to its success.
During the 1930s and 1940s, Riihimäen Lasi Oy experienced significant growth and expanded its production capabilities. The company embraced new glassmaking techniques and introduced innovative designs to meet the evolving demands of the market. They experimented with various glass colors, textures, and decorative elements.
The 1950s and 1960s marked a period of great success and recognition for Riihimäen Lasi Oy. The company gained international acclaim for its modern and innovative designs, characterized by clean lines, geometric shapes, and bold colors. Several iconic glassware series were created during this time, such as the "Kehra" and "Kivi" collections.
Riihimäen Lasi Oy collaborated with numerous renowned Finnish glass designers, contributing to the company's creative output. In addition to Gunnel Nyman and Helena Tynell, other notable designers who worked with Riihimäen Lasi Oy include Nanny Still, Tamara Aladin, and Erkkitapio Siiroinen. Their contributions helped shape the unique aesthetic of Riihimäen Lasi Oy's glassware.
Despite its success, Riihimäen Lasi Oy faced challenges in the 1980s due to changes in consumer tastes and increasing competition. The company experienced financial difficulties and went through several ownership changes. In 1990, Riihimäen Lasi Oy finally closed its doors, marking the end of an era for Finnish glassmaking. The Finnish Glass Museum is located in the former Riihimaen Lasi Oy factory, and the museum's collection includes a large number of the company's art glass objects.
Rite Lite Australia
Rite Lite was established in the early 1950s in Melbourne and quickly gained a reputation for producing high-quality lighting products that were both stylish and functional.
The company’s lighting products were designed to meet the needs of Australian homes and businesses, and the company quickly became one of the leading lighting manufacturers in the country. The company specialised in modernist aluminium-shaded tripod lights, the Oscar table lamp, wall sconces, pendant lights. swivel-mount task lamps, a spring-tensioned pole lamp as well as a line of traditional decorative domestic lighting. Preferred shades were of perforated and/or painted aluminium.
One of Rite Lite's most popular products was the "Rite Lite Rocket Lamp," a futuristic-looking lamp with a curved, rocket-shaped body and a tapered shade. The Rocket Lamp was a symbol of the 1950s space age, and its sleek design made it a popular choice for modern homes and businesses.
Rite Lite continued to innovate throughout the 1950s, introducing new designs and technologies that helped to set it apart from other lighting manufacturers. The company's commitment to quality and innovation made it a popular choice among consumers, and its products were widely distributed throughout Australia.
Riviere
A riviere is a necklace made of a row of graduated single stones, usually diamonds.
Robert & Belk
Robert & Belk was a silversmithing firm founded in Sheffield, England, in 1845 by Samuel Roberts and Joseph Slater. The firm was originally known as Roberts & Slater, but it changed its name to Robert & Belk in 1864, after the retirement of Joseph Slater. Robert & Belk was a successful silversmithing firm, and it produced a wide range of silver items, including tea sets, coffee sets, dinnerware, and jewelry. The firm's silver was known for its high quality and its elegant designs.
The firm's success also led to prestigious commissions, including supplying silverware to royal households. Robert & Belk were appointed as silversmiths to Queen Victoria and were granted the Royal Warrant, signifying their status as official suppliers to the royal family.
However, like many Sheffield-based silversmiths, Robert & Belk faced challenges with the decline of the silver industry in Sheffield in the late 19th century. Economic factors, changes in consumer preferences, and the rise of industrialization impacted the traditional craft of silversmithing.
The business continued to operate until 1961, when it was acquired by C.J. Vander Ltd. The firm's silver is still sought after by collectors and enthusiasts, and it is a reminder of the high quality of Sheffield silversmithing in the 19th century.
Robert Adam / Adam Style
Robert Adam was a Scottish neoclassical architect, interior designer, and furniture designer who was active in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He is considered one of the most important figures in the history of architecture, and his work had a significant influence on the development of neoclassical architecture and design.
Adam was born in Kirkcaldy, Scotland in 1728 and trained as a carpenter and joiner before studying architecture. He traveled widely in Europe, studying the works of classical architects such as Vitruvius and Palladio, and he was particularly influenced by the architecture of ancient Rome. Robert Adam spent time in Italy studying and his designs are influenced by the finds made during the excavation of Pompei.
When he returned to England he became the Court Architect to George III (1738-1820). Adam is best known for his work on country houses and public buildings in England, including the Adelphi Buildings in London and the Bank of Scotland building in Edinburgh. He is also known for his contributions to interior design, including his development of the Adam style, which featured delicate plasterwork, classical motifs, and harmonious colour schemes.
Robert Barron
Robert Barron was an Australian ceramic artist who played a significant role in the development of contemporary Australian ceramics. He was born in Sydney in 1934 and studied ceramics at the National Art School in Sydney. He later spent time working in Japan, where he was influenced by traditional Japanese ceramic techniques.
In the 1960s, Barron established a ceramics studio in the Blue Mountains region of New South Wales, where he began experimenting with new forms and techniques. He became known for his innovative use of glazes and his ability to create complex, multi-layered surfaces on his ceramic pieces.
Barron's work was highly sought after by collectors and galleries, and he exhibited extensively both in Australia and internationally. He was also involved in teaching and mentoring younger ceramic artists, and played a significant role in the development of the Australian ceramics scene.
In 1987, Barron was awarded the Order of Australia for his contributions to the arts, and in 1993 he was made an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts in London.
Barron continued to work in ceramics until his death in 2002. His work is held in collections at major galleries and museums in Australia and around the world, including the National Gallery of Australia and the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.
Robert Barron was a highly influential figure in the development of contemporary Australian ceramics, known for his technical mastery, innovative approach to glazes and surfaces, and his commitment to teaching and mentoring the next generation of ceramic artists.
Robert Clerc
Robert Clerc was born in Switzerland in 1948 and served his apprenticeship in fine jewellery in Geneva, Switzerland. After migrating to Australia, he opened his first jewellery store in the strand arcade in Sydney Australia in 1975 and designed his first collection of jewellery, The Egyptian Collection.
He spent 1979 in Paris Where he created his Nineteen Hundred collection, which was exhibited at Melbourne's grand department store, Georges of Melbourne. He was Commissioned in 1982 to design and construct the Charles Davies Memorial trophy for the Sydney to Hobart yacht race, the sterling silver trophy standing one metre high, and in 1987 the Australian Bicentennial Authority Commissioned him to design and construct the tall ships race trophy in sterling silver..
Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Clerc's designs continued to evolve, with a growing emphasis on organic shapes and natural materials. He also began to experiment with new techniques, such as electroforming, which allowed him to create lightweight, hollow forms that were still strong and durable.
Despite the changing trends in jewellery design over the years, Clerc's work has remained popular and highly regarded in the industry. He has won numerous awards and accolades for his designs, including the prestigious De Beers Diamond Design Award in 1987.
Clerc continues to create jewellery from his studio in Sydney's Oxford Street, and his pieces can be found in collections around the world. His work is celebrated for its bold, innovative designs and its ability to push the boundaries of traditional jewellery-making techniques.
Robert Hancock, Worcester Artist / Engraver
Robert Hancock (1731-1817) was one of the most celebrated engravers at Worcester, known for his detailed and delicate work creating prints for transfer printing on to porcelain. Some examples on Worcester bear the initials RH, most probably his initials. He worked at Bow circa 1853 and at Worcester from 1756 until his death in 1817.
View further examples of Robert Hancock, Worcester Artist / Engraver
Robert Heritage
Robert Heritage (1927-2017) was one of the most celebrated British furniture designers of the mid-20th century. He was known for his innovative and elegant designs, which often incorporated new materials and technologies. Heritage was also a highly influential educator, and he served as Professor of Furniture Design at the Royal College of Art from 1974 to 1985.
Heritage was born in Birmingham, England, in 1927. He studied art at Birmingham College of Art and the Royal College of Art in London. While at the Royal College of Art, he met his future wife, Dorothy. Together, they founded their own design studio in 1953.
In the early 1960s, Heritage began designing furniture for the East London firm Archie Shine. He quickly gained a reputation for his innovative and elegant designs. His furniture was often made from teak and rosewood, and it featured clean lines and simple geometric forms.
Heritage's work was also notable for its use of new materials and technologies. For example, he was one of the first designers to use foam rubber in furniture. He also experimented with new construction methods, such as the use of bentwood and laminated plywood.
In 1968, Heritage designed the interior of the Queen Elizabeth II ocean liner, with Ernest Race. His design for the QE2 Restaurant Chair was particularly well-received. It was made from aluminum alloy and was designed to be both comfortable and durable.
Heritage continued to design furniture throughout his career. He also worked on a variety of other projects, including lighting, interiors, and industrial products. He was a Royal Designer for Industry (RDI) and a Fellow of the Society of Industrial Artists and Designers (FSIAD).
His work is represented in many major museum collections, including the Victoria and Albert Museum in London and the Museum of Modern Art in New York City.
Robert Mathieu
Robert Mathieu, born in 1921, initially trained at Ecole
Boulle and worked as a watchmaker before pivoting to architectural lighting
design. He became one of France's most renowned lighting designers and
producers during the 1950s.
In 1949, he opened his first lighting store at 98 Boulevard
Charonne and went on to expand his business with three more stores in Paris.
Mathieu's company, "R. Mathieu Luminaires Rationnels," developed
three main ranges of lights. The first range, produced from 1950/1951, featured
a double lampshade system in gilded brass known as the diabolo. The second
range, introduced in 1953, incorporated lacquered aluminum reflectors for
ceiling lights, lamps, and wall lights. From 1956 to 1958, he invented a
complete range of wall and ceiling lights and lamps with lacquered gray metal
counterweights and white Perspex cone reflectors. He also produced other, less
upscale series in the 1960s using materials like glass and teak to follow the
trend for mass-produced Scandinavian furniture.
Mathieu's company dedicated a large part of its production
resources to special orders, including the design of lighting systems for significant
architectural projects such as the Louvre Pyramid in Paris and the Eiffel
Tower. For his contributions to the field of lighting design, he was awarded
the Legion of Honor by the French government. Mathieu's business closed in
1978, and he passed away in 2002.
Robert Pringle & Sons
Pringle & Sons was a prominent silversmithing company established in the early 19th century in Birmingham, England. Robert Pringle, the founder of the company, began his career as an apprentice in the silver trade in the late 18th century and established his own workshop in Birmingham in the early 1800s.
Pringle's sons, John and William, joined the business, and the company name changed to Robert Pringle & Sons to reflect their involvement. Together, they expanded the company's operations and continued to uphold the family's commitment to excellence in silversmithing.
Robert Pringle & Sons specialized in producing a wide range of silver items, including flatware, tea sets, candlesticks, and decorative objects. Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, the company continued to thrive and adapt to changing design trends. They embraced new styles such as Art Nouveau and Art Deco, incorporating innovative motifs and forms into their silverware designs.
Like many other silversmithing companies, Robert Pringle & Sons faced challenges during the early 20th century due to the impact of World War I and the changing tastes of consumers. The company eventually closed its doors in the 1960s, ending its long history as a renowned silversmithing firm.
Robert Thompson,
Robert Thompson, known as Mouseman, was a British furniture maker who lived from 1876 to 1955. He was born and raised in the village of Kilburn, North Yorkshire, England, where he set up a business manufacturing oak furniture. His furniture is known for its simple, yet elegant designs, and for the carved mouse that he incorporated into almost every piece.
Thompson was born into a family of craftsmen. His father was a carpenter and stonemason, and Thompson learned the trade from him at a young age. He was also a self-taught artist, and he developed a love of carving.
In 1919, Thompson received a commission from Ampleforth College to make furniture for Ampleforth Abbey. This was his first major commission, and it helped to establish his reputation as a skilled furniture maker. He went on to make furniture for many other churches, schools, and private residences.
Thompson's furniture is characterized by its simple, yet elegant designs. He often used traditional English styles, such as Jacobean and Georgian. His furniture is also known for its high quality and craftsmanship. He used only the finest oak, and he took great care in finishing his pieces.
Thompson's trademark mouse carving first appeared in 1919, when he was working on the commission for Ampleforth Abbey. He is said to have carved a mouse onto a church screen after a conversation with one of his apprentices about being "as poor as a church mouse". The mouse carving quickly became a popular feature of Thompson's furniture, and it gave him the nickname "Mouseman".
Thompson's furniture is now highly sought-after by collectors. His pieces are often sold at auction for thousands of pounds. His workshop in Kilburn is now a museum and visitor centre, where visitors can learn about Thompson's life and work.
Roberto Coin
Roberto Coin is a celebrated Italian jewellery designer known for his exquisite and innovative creations in the late 20th and 21st centuries. He was born in Vicenza, Italy, in 1944 and developed a deep appreciation for art and craftsmanship from a young age, which would later influence his career in jewellery design. He initially worked for various Italian jewellery companies and gained experience in design, production, and gemology. In 1977, he founded his eponymous brand, Roberto Coin, in Vicenza, Italy. The company quickly gained recognition for its high-quality craftsmanship and unique designs.
Roberto Coin is perhaps best known for his use of precious metals, particularly gold, and his incorporation of colorful gemstones in his designs. His signature design element is the hidden ruby, a small red ruby that is placed inside each piece of jewellery he creates. The tradition began as a way for Coin to impart his customers with a blessing of good luck, as ruby is believed to bring good fortune. Coin's designs often feature intricate details and artistic motifs inspired by nature, architecture, and Italian culture.
Roberto Coin's jewellery gained international acclaim and was sought after by celebrities, dignitaries, and collectors around the world. He expanded his brand's presence with boutiques in major fashion capitals, including New York, Hong Kong, Tokyo, and Dubai. Throughout his career, Roberto Coin received numerous awards and honours for his contributions to the world of jewellery design.
Roberto Coin has also been involved in various philanthropic initiatives. He has used his success to support causes related to children's welfare and healthcare.
Roberto Coin is regarded as one of Italy's most prominent contemporary jewellery designers. His designs continue to be celebrated for their elegance, craftsmanship, and creativity. His brand, Roberto Coin, remains synonymous with luxury and artistry in the world of jewellery.
Robin Day
Robin Day (1915-2010) was a British furniture designer known for his modernist designs and use of new materials and production methods. He studied at the Royal College of Art in London and went on to work for the furniture manufacturer Hille, where he designed a number of iconic pieces, including the Polypropylene Chair (1963). Day was also known for his work in industrial design, designing mass-produced furniture that was affordable and functional. He was awarded the Royal Designer for Industry in 1955, and was appointed a Royal Designer for Industry in recognition of his outstanding contribution to design.
Robyn Stewart
Robyn Stewart was born in Wellington, New Zealand, in 1938. She studied pottery at the Elam School of Fine Arts in Auckland from 1956 to 1958. After graduating, she worked as a potter in Auckland and Wellington.
In 1968, Stewart moved to Rarotonga, in the Cook Islands, where she set up a pottery studio. She lived and worked in Rarotonga for 10 years, during which time she developed her own distinctive style of pottery. Her work was characterized by its simple forms, bold colours, and use of Maori motifs.
In 1978, Stewart returned to New Zealand and settled in Christchurch. She continued to work as a potter, and her work became increasingly popular. She exhibited her work in solo and group exhibitions all over New Zealand, and her work is represented in museum collections around the world.
Stewart was a pioneer of Maori-inspired pottery in New Zealand. She was inspired by the traditional Maori art of whakairo (carving), and she incorporated Maori motifs into her pottery designs. Her work helped to bring Maori art to a wider audience, and she is considered one of the most important potters in New Zealand history. Robyn Stewart died in Christchurch in 2018 at the age of 79 years.
Rock Crystal
Rock crystal is a very hard colourless quartz, that provides an excellent medium for carving, and has been used for this purpose since antiquity. The name is derived from the Greek word for ice (krystallos) and the name crystal (as in manufactured glass) was derived from it. It was used for the making of cups, salts, caskets, jewellery, snuff bottles and other small decorative objects although the carving was a time-consuming process due to its hardness.
Rocking Chair
A form of cottage chair fitted with half round rockers, good for dozing in before the fire or on the verandah. There are many variants dating from about the middle of the 18th century, although most found on the Australian market are Victorian or later. Many rocking chairs are based on adaptations of the Windsor chair, with or without arms, others on the 19th century Grecian chair, usually with a caned seat and back. American spindle back chairs were also made as rockers. The genuine rocking chair is usually somewhat wider than the standard dining chair, and the American spindle back rocker always has two horizontal splats below the vertical spindles. Some truly wonderful rocking chairs were made by Thonet and others in bentwood during the second half of the 19th century.
A platform rocker is a chair mounted on a frame or platform, with short legs and castors. The rocking chair itself was fitted with coiled springs to regulate the action when in use. They were very popular from the later 19th century until the 1930s, and often had a carpet back and seat.
Skid rockers are not as common as platform rockers. The rocking motion is achieved by mounting the chair on a pair of rounded skids.
Rockingham Pottery
Rockingham Pottery, located in Swinton, Yorkshire, England, holds a significant place in the annals of English ceramics. Established in 1745 by Benjamin Huntsman, the pottery originally focused on producing black basalt wares and other utilitarian items. The pottery was founded in 1745 by Edward Butler on the estate of the Marquess of Rockingham, near Swinton Common, Yorkshire, England. Butler used the valuable properties of the clay on Swinton Common to make common pottery and fire bricks.
In 1806, the Bramelds acquired the pottery, and their keen eye for quality and innovation propelled Rockingham Pottery to new heights. Under their stewardship, the pottery experienced a transformative period, embracing advancements in production techniques and artistic styles. Rockingham's reputation for producing exquisite and unique pieces grew rapidly during the early 19th century.
One of the defining features of Rockingham Pottery was its richly coloured and intricately decorated porcelain and earthenware. The distinctive "Rockingham Brown" glaze became synonymous with the pottery and was highly sought after by collectors and enthusiasts. This glaze, often applied to finely moulded and sculpted pieces, imparted a sense of depth and richness to the ceramics, elevating them to objects of beauty and desire.
One of Rockingham Pottery's most iconic creations was the Rockingham Vase, an enormous earthenware vessel standing over six feet tall. The vase, designed by John Brameld, showcased the pottery's technical expertise and artistic prowess. It became a symbol of Rockingham's grandeur and remains a highly prized collector's item.
Rockingham Pottery was renowned for its mastery of ornamental techniques such as "pâte-sur-pâte," a process involving the application of multiple layers of slip onto the surface of the ceramic, creating intricate relief designs. The pottery also excelled in producing delicate hand-painted floral motifs and gilding, enhancing the elegance and sophistication of its wares.
Despite its success, Rockingham Pottery faced financial challenges in the mid 19th century. The pottery changed hands multiple times and struggled to adapt to changing consumer tastes and the rise of mass production. In 1842, the original Rockingham factory closed its doors, marking the end of an era.
Rococo
A stylistic development covering the period from about 1730 to 1770, during the reign of Louis XV in France. The rococo style falls between the rather overbearing manner of the Baroque and the formal elegance of Neoclassicism. The Rococo style reached its full maturity in France, though many of its features were used by English furniture makers. The style is marked by asymmetrical forms, especially pierced and intricate scroll work as in mirror frames, chair backs etc., and the use of shells and floral motifs. The term derives from the French 'rocaille', meaning rock work, as in gardens and fountains. There was a major Rococo revival in the mid-19th century and indeed much of what is now considered to be typically Victorian furniture is influenced by the Rococo. It is essentially feminine in feeling, and for this reason, perhaps, was regarded as rather frivolous by its successors.
Rodolfo Dordoni
Rodolfo Dordoni is an acclaimed Italian furniture designer and architect known for his elegant and minimalist designs. Born in 1954, in Milan, Italy, Dordoni graduated from Politecnico di Milano University with a degree in architecture in 1979. Shortly after completing his studies, he began his career by working with renowned architect and designer, Gio Ponti. This experience provided Dordoni with valuable insights into the world of design and helped shape his own creative approach.
In the early 1980s, Dordoni established his own design studio in Milan. His work gained recognition for its refined aesthetic, meticulous attention to detail, and a perfect balance between form and function. Throughout his career, Dordoni has collaborated with several prestigious furniture and design companies, including Molteni&C, Flos, Minotti, and Roda, among others. His collaborations have resulted in iconic pieces that have become synonymous with modern luxury and have been featured in prestigious design exhibitions and museums around the world. His furniture designs range from sofas, chairs, and tables to lighting fixtures and home accessories, all characterized by their understated elegance and refined simplicity.
In addition to his furniture design work, Dordoni has also made significant contributions to the field of interior architecture. He has been involved in numerous interior design projects, including residential spaces, hotels, restaurants, and retail environments..
Over the course of his career, Rodolfo Dordoni has been honored with several prestigious awards for his contributions to design. These include the Compasso d'Oro ADI, the Good Design Award, and the Wallpaper Design Award.
Today, Dordoni's design studio in Milan remains a hub for creativity and innovation. His designs can be found in luxury homes, hotels, and commercial spaces worldwide, exemplifying his enduring impact as a visionary furniture designer and architect.
Rogaska Crystal
The Rogaska Crystal glassworks were established in the 17th century in the region of Rogaska Slatina in the Savinja Valley, which is known for its rich deposits of quartz sand, a key ingredient in glassmaking. The glassmaking industry in Rogaska Slatina flourished In the 18th and 19th centuries. There were as many as 17 glassworks in the area, and the town became a major producer of crystal glassware. The glassmakers of Rogaska Slatina were known for their skill and craftsmanship, and their products were exported all over Europe.
In the early 20th century, the glassmaking industry in Rogaska Slatina faced a number of challenges. The introduction of new technologies made it difficult for small, traditional glassworks to compete. In addition, World War I followed by the Great Depression led to a decline in demand for crystal glassware.
In 1926, the remaining glassworks in Rogaska Slatina were merged to form a single company, Steklarna Rogaska. The new company was well-positioned to weather the challenges of the 20th century. It invested in new technology and marketing, and it expanded its product range. As a result, Steklarna Rogaska became one of the leading producers of crystal glassware in Europe.
Steklarna Rogaska glass wares are sold in over 60 countries around the world. The company is committed to maintaining the highest standards of quality and craftsmanship. Its crystal glassware is known for its brilliance, clarity, and durability.
Roger Mclay
Roger McLay (1922 – 2000) trained at the National Art School, Sydney, and then as an apprenticeship with printing company John Sands in lithography. After serving in World War II from 1939 to 1945, he returned to the Art School from 1945-47.
Roger McLay's Kone chair was contructed from plywood on a painted steel base, with a small amount of rubber to provide stability.
Production of the Kone Chair started in 1948. In its 12 years of production, two styles were manufactured: circular and circular with trimmed sides. Some chairs were upholstered. Like many other mid 20th century furniture designers, mcLay used wood laminate developed during the war, but his unique contribution was not to use moulding to create his chair. Instead the laminate was a single sheet bent into shape and fixed to a metal frame. The first chairs may be identified by the designers name and model. Descon made the chairs from the mid 1950s.
From: Carter's "Collecting Australiana", William & Dorothy Hall, published by John Furphy Pty. Ltd. 2005
Rohe, Ludwig Mies Van Der
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886–1969). When it comes to the big names of twentieth century design, they don’t come much bigger than Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. A pioneering and hugely influential architect and a dedicated and passionate educator and furniture designer. Mies was, first and foremost, an architect and held the role of Director of Architecture at the Bauhaus Design School. In 1908, he took a job with Peter Behrens; his colleagues in that office included Le Corbusier and Walter Gropius. Mies went into private practice in 1913, adding the more impressive Rohe, his mother´s maiden name. Mies, often in collaboration with Lilly Reich, designed furniture for many of his early projects, and most is still in production today. In particular, furnishings for the Tugendhat House and the Barcelona Pavilion have become design icons. These pieces reflect the same philosophical underpinnings that drove his architecture. Both are concerned with the use of space, their forms being defined as much by the space around them as by the structure of the chairs themselves, and employ a striking combination of sleek modernist steel and luxurious leather.
Rolex Oyster
One of the signature design features of Rolex watches is the screw-down crown and water tight cases. It was the development of the screw-down crown by Rolex in 1926, which gave them the final solution to the problem of leaky watch cases. The first ever water and dust resistant case was made by Rolex and named Oyster. As the Rolex Oyster was a sensational watchmaking achievement, the company publicised this feature in advertisements and the watch was worn by Mercedes Gteitz whilst breaking the record for swimming the English Channel.
Rolex Watches
Rolex is a Swiss luxury watch brand that was founded in London, England in 1905 by Hans Wilsdorf and Alfred Davis. Over the years, Rolex has become synonymous with luxury, precision, and innovation, and the brand is recognized worldwide as one of the most prestigious watch manufacturers.
Rolex was founded with the mission of creating watches that were accurate, reliable, and durable. In 1910, a Rolex watch became the first wristwatch to receive the Swiss Certificate of Chronometric Precision, which is awarded to watches that pass a rigorous series of tests for accuracy and reliability.
One of the most important milestones in the history of Rolex was the introduction of the Oyster case in 1926. The Oyster case was the first waterproof watch case, and it revolutionized the watch industry. The Oyster case was designed to be able to withstand the elements, making it an ideal choice for explorers and adventurers.
Throughout the years, Rolex has continued to innovate and introduce new technologies and features. Some of the most famous Rolex models include:
- Submariner: The Submariner was introduced in 1953 and is one of the most iconic dive watches in the world. The Submariner is water-resistant up to 300 meters and is known for its durability and accuracy.
- Daytona: The Daytona was introduced in 1963 and is named after the famous Daytona International Speedway in Florida. The Daytona is a chronograph watch that is popular among race car drivers and enthusiasts.
- Datejust: The Datejust was introduced in 1945 and was the first watch to feature a date function. The Datejust is known for its classic design and timeless style.
- Day-Date: The Day-Date was introduced in 1956 and is known as the "President" watch because it has been worn by many U.S. presidents. The Day-Date features both the day and date functions and is made with precious metals such as gold and platinum.
Today, Rolex remains one of the most prestigious and sought-after watch brands in the world. The company produces a wide range of watches, including sports watches, dress watches, and classic watches. Rolex watches are known for their durability, precision, and timeless style, and they are highly prized by collectors and watch enthusiasts around the world.
Roll Top
A term introduced in the 19th century to describe a desk with a sliding enclosed top.
Roll Top Desk
A desk, usually but not always of pedestal shape with a superstructure of small drawers and pigeonholes, enclosed by a shutter of horizontal timber slats. Also known as a tambour top desk. The slats are glued to strips of canvas and may be rolled up or down along parallel grooves on either side of the frame. Dating from the late 19th century and usually made from oak, one of the better known brands is the 'Cutler' desk. The Cutler style desk was much copied, and a genuine Cutler with the 'Cutler' name around the extended brass escutcheon, will command a price premium over a desk in the Cutler style without the maker's plaque.
There is a second type of roll top desk, known as a cylinder desk that dates from the second half of the 18th century. The desk opening is enclosed by a quarter-round cylinder of veneered timber which, when opened, slides back into a recess behind the superstructure.
Rolled Gold
A type of gold plating devloped in the early 19th century, similar to Sheffield plating of silver, where the the gold is fused under pressure and heat to a base metal, usually brass, and then rolled into sheets of the required thickness.
The thickness of the gold plate can vary. In Britain the thickness of the gold is measured in microns. A micron is one-thousandth of a millimetre and 20 microns of gold is considered good quality. In the USA a differnt method is used that takes account of the total weight of the object.
Also, the purity of the gold, measured in carats can vary, with 24 carat being the purest. The gold in most rolled gold objects will be between 9 and 14 carats.
There are other chemical and electroplating methods of applying gold plate to a base metal, but rolled gold is considered a superior plate to a "gold plated" object.
Depending on the country and date of manufacture, the object may be stamped "Rolled Gold" or similar, but if there is any doubt as to whether an object is solid gold, or some type of gold plating, it is preferable to have it tested by a jeweller.
Rolling Pin
A decorative ornament often found on Australian colonial furniture mainly from the second half of the 19th century. It consists of a turned piece of timber, perhaps 45 cm long, with small turned finials at either end. It is used, for example, to surmount the shaped backs of some miner's couches or four-poster beds.
Rolling Pin
Rolling pins are used to shape and flatten dough and most functional rolling pins were made of wood, but glass, ceramic, stainless steel, marble and plastic examples have also been made. The collectable type of rolling pins were made in brightly coloured glass by Nailsea and other manufacturers, especially in opaque white, purple and blue. They were sold at markets and fairs, often painted with amorous pledges or as holiday souvenirs, and were probably never used for rolling dough. Examples that come up for sale often have a cord attached to each handle so they can be hung on the wall.
Roman Antiquities
Collecting Roman antiquities is a popular and fascinating hobby that involves the acquisition and preservation of physical remains from the ancient Roman civilization. The study of Roman antiquities can provide insight into the culture, beliefs, and daily life of ancient Rome, and can be a rewarding experience for collectors and enthusiasts alike.
Collectors of Roman antiquities often specialize in specific types of objects, such as pottery, coins, jewelry, or sculptures. The rarity, condition, and provenance of these objects can greatly impact their value and appeal to collectors. Collectors may acquire Roman antiquities through auction houses, antique dealers, or private sales, and often rely on their knowledge and expertise to authenticate and evaluate the objects they acquire.
One of the primary motivations for collecting Roman antiquities is the historical and cultural significance of these objects. Roman antiquities provide tangible links to the ancient world, and can offer insights into the beliefs, customs, and social structures of the Roman Empire. Collectors may also appreciate the aesthetic and artistic qualities of these objects, such as the intricate designs and skillful craftsmanship of Roman jewelry or the realism and naturalism of Roman sculpture.
In addition to the intellectual and aesthetic appeal of Roman antiquities, collecting these objects can also be a financial investment. The value of Roman antiquities can appreciate over time, especially if they are rare or in exceptional condition. However, collectors should exercise caution and conduct thorough research before making significant investments in Roman antiquities, as there are risks associated with fraud, theft, and authenticity.
Collecting Roman antiquities also carries ethical considerations, as the acquisition and trade of these objects can contribute to the destruction of ancient sites and the looting of cultural heritage. Collectors should be aware of the legal and ethical issues surrounding the trade of Roman antiquities, and should only acquire objects from reputable sources that have demonstrated a commitment to responsible and ethical practices.
Ron Arad
Ron Arad (1951 - ) is an Israeli-born designer and architect who is known for his innovative and experimental use of materials in his work. He has worked in a variety of media, including furniture design, product design, and architecture, and his work is often characterized by its bold, sculptural forms and unconventional use of materials. Arad was born in Tel Aviv in 1951 and studied at the London Royal College of Art. He is considered one of the pioneers of the British design movement known as the New British Designers, and he has received numerous awards for his work. Arad has designed a wide range of products, including furniture, lighting, and household objects, and he has also designed buildings and public spaces, including the Holon Mediatheque in Israel and the Design Museum Holon in Tel Aviv. He is known for his willingness to push the boundaries of design and for his ability to create functional objects that are also works of art.
Ronan and Erwan Bouroullec
Brothers Ronan and Erwan Bouroullec are French designers who have gained international recognition for their innovative and contemporary approach to furniture, product design, and architecture. They were born in Quimper, France, with Ronan born on August 17, 1971, and Erwan born on January 23, 1976.
The Bouroullec brothers studied design at the École Nationale Supérieure des Arts Décoratifs in Paris and at the École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts de Cergy-Pontoise. They established their own design studio in Paris in 1999 and quickly gained attention for their unique and imaginative designs.
Known for their emphasis on simplicity, functionality, and user experience, the Bouroullec brothers have collaborated with a wide range of renowned design companies, including Vitra, Kvadrat, Alessi, Flos, and Hay. They have designed furniture, lighting, home accessories, and even electronic devices, often blurring the lines between art and design.
The Bouroullecs' work is characterized by its thoughtful use of materials, clean lines, and a sense of understated elegance. They often explore innovative production techniques and materials to create designs that are visually appealing, ergonomic, and practical. Their designs have a contemporary and minimalist aesthetic that resonates with a wide audience.
Some of their notable designs include the "Algue" room divider, which resembles a branching, organic form; the "Vegetal" chair, inspired by natural forms and available in a variety of colors; and the "Panorama" office furniture system, designed for Vitra. Their creations have been displayed in major design exhibitions and museums around the world.
In addition to furniture and product design, the Bouroullec brothers have also worked on architectural and interior design projects. They have designed spaces for hotels, museums, and public areas, showcasing their ability to create cohesive and visually striking environments.
Ronan and Erwan Bouroullec's innovative and contemporary designs have earned them numerous awards and accolades, solidifying their status as leading figures in the world of modern design. Their work continues to inspire and influence designers and consumers alike, and their designs are celebrated for their timeless yet forward-thinking qualities.
Rorstrand
Rörstrand was established in the Rörstrand Castle in Stockholm in 1726 by Johann Wolff, a German porcelain maker, with the backing of local wealthy investors. It is the second-oldest ceramic factory in Europe, after Meissen. Rörstrand started by producing faience, a tin-glazed earthenware decorated with cobalt blue flower patterns inspired by Chinese and Dutch porcelain. In the 1740s, Rörstrand developed its own style and patterns, including the Rehnska pattern, which was the best-selling pattern for almost 30 years.
In the latter half of the 18th century, Rörstrand drew inspiration from Rokoko and nature, decorating its pottery with sculpted plants, fruits, and animals. The factory gradually shifted to using earthenware as a material and launched the first complete dinner service called "Sepia." The 19th century brought major technological advances, including the use of steam engines and copper plates to press decor, resulting in more popular and intricate dinner services. Rörstrand also started producing bone china and feldspar porcelain and became one of Sweden's ten largest corporations.
In the early 20th century, Rörstrand excelled at exhibitions worldwide with its Art Nouveau style and hired numerous artists to push for new technical and aesthetic heights. Alf Wallander was one such artist who was internationally recognized for his innovative tableware. In 1926, Rörstrand moved from Stockholm to Gothenburg and then to Lidköping a few years later. However, the 1970s proved challenging for the factory due to increasing international competition. The factory ended full-time employment for all its designers and instead relied on freelancers. Although there were some brilliant design moments during this time, the economic situation never improved, and in 2005, Rörstrand closed its Lidköping factory after nearly 300 years of production in Sweden. Today, the brand is part of the Finnish Fiskars group, along with other Nordic brands such as Arabia and Iittala.
Rosando Brothers
Rosando Brothers was an Australian furniture manufacturer
that was founded in the mid-20th century. The company was established by Paul
and Michael Rosta, who were Italian immigrants to Australia. The family had a
long tradition of furniture-making, and they brought their expertise and skills
to their new home.
Operating from Chapel Street, Windsor and later from Regent
Street, Prahran, in the early years of the company, Rosando Brothers produced a
range of traditional furniture pieces, such as dining tables, chairs, and
cabinets. However, in the 1950s, the company began to shift towards a more
modernist aesthetic, influenced by the growing interest in mid-century design.
The Rosando Brothers' mid-century furniture pieces were
characterized by their clean lines, sleek forms, and use of high-quality
materials, such as teak and rosewood. They were also known for their attention
to detail and craftsmanship, with each piece carefully constructed to exacting
standards.
The company's mid-century furniture designs were highly
sought after by architects, interior designers, and homeowners alike. They were
sold through high-end retailers such as David Jones, Myer, and Georges, and
were often featured in prestigious design magazines of the time.
Rosando Brothers continued to produce furniture throughout
the 1960s and 1970s, but the company eventually closed its doors in the early
1980s.
Rose Cut
A flat based cut for a preious stone, leaving the surface covered with triangular facets, usually 24 in total.
It was introduced in the 15th century and popular during the 16th and 17th centuries.
The rose cut was the most popular form of diamond cut until the discovery of the brilliant cut at the end of the 17th century, after which its use declined.
Rosenthal
Rosenthal is a German porcelain company that was founded in 1879 in Selb, Bavaria. The company was established by Philipp Rosenthal, who had a passion for porcelain and a vision of creating high-quality, beautiful porcelain products that would be treasured by people all over the world.
Rosenthal's early years were marked by a focus on innovative design and quality craftsmanship. In 1900, the company won a gold medal at the Paris World's Fair for its innovative porcelain designs. Over the years, Rosenthal continued to innovate and expand its product line, introducing new materials and designs that pushed the boundaries of traditional porcelain-making techniques.
During World War II, Rosenthal's factories were heavily damaged by bombing, and the company was forced to rebuild from the ground up. Despite these challenges, Rosenthal emerged from the war with renewed vigor, and in the decades that followed, it continued to grow and expand its reach.
In the 1950s and 1960s, Rosenthal became known for its collaborations with famous artists and designers, including Salvador Dalí, Andy Warhol, Wilhelm Wagenfeld and Walter Gropius. These collaborations resulted in some of Rosenthal's most iconic ranges, including the famous "Tulip" and the "Studio Line" collection.
From 1997, Rosenthal AG was 90% owned by the British-Irish Waterford Wedgwood Group but from 2009, Rosenthal has been owned by the Italian company Sambonet Paderno Industrie (Arcturus Group).
Rosenthal, Aronson & Co
Rosenthal, Aronson & Co. was a prominent jewellery manufacturer based in Melbourne, Australia, that operated during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The company was founded in the 1880s by Max Rosenthal and Isaac Aronson, who were both skilled jewellers with a passion for creating high-quality, unique pieces.
The company quickly gained a reputation for its innovative designs and exquisite craftsmanship, and it became one of the most successful jewellery manufacturers in Melbourne. Rosenthal, Aronson & Co. specialized in creating bespoke pieces for their clients, including engagement rings, brooches, bracelets, and necklaces.
In addition to their work as jewellers, Rosenthal and Aronson were also passionate about promoting the arts in Melbourne. They were involved in the founding of the National Gallery of Victoria, and were instrumental in establishing the city's reputation as a cultural hub.
Throughout the early 20th century, Rosenthal, Aronson & Co. continued to thrive, producing some of the most beautiful and innovative jewellery of the era. The company was known for its use of precious and semi-precious stones, as well as its intricate metalwork and filigree designs.
During the mid-20th century, however, Rosenthal, Aronson & Co. faced increasing competition from international jewellery manufacturers, and the company eventually closed its doors in the 1960s. Rosenthal, Aronson & Co. remains an important part of Melbourne's cultural and artistic heritage.
Rosette
A stylised circular-shaped disk with turned or carved decoration decoration applied to a surface, or carved into the surface, especially used in ceramics, jewellery, furniture, sculpture and textiles. Also known as a boss or a paterae or patera.
Rosewood
A dense timber that varies in shade to very light brown to almost black. When rosewood is cut and sanded the colour of the timber will turn black, and after polishing and exposure to daylight, the surface will gradually lighten over time to light brown with black streaks.
The name comes from the odour emanating from the timber when it is planed, sanded or cut.
Rosewood was very popular for use in Victorian furniture in the second half of the 19th century, and at that time most of the rosewood was imported from Brazil. However it also grows in India and Indonesia.
It is used in the sold for chairs and table legs, but for carcase furniture such as side cabinets and bookcases, and for table tops it is always used as a veneer.
Ross Mitchell-Anyon
Ross Mitchell-Anyon was born in Orange, NSW, Australia in 1954 and moved to New Zealand in 1964. His interest in pottery was initiated at Wanganui Intermediate School and at Palmerston North Teachers’ College he was able to begin working with clay. He completed his Teaching Diploma in 1975 and by 1980 he had become a full time potter. He dug and processed his own clay, built a wood-fired kiln and developed a style of his own.
From the mid-1980s he taught at the Whanganui Community College, later the Polytechnic, now UCOL. Within the Diploma of Ceramic Design and Production course Martin Poppelwell and Paul Maseyk were two of his now best-known students.
In December 2021 he was made an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit for his services to the arts and conservation in the Whanganui area.
As a result of an accident in 2015 he was no longer able to work with clay and he passed away in 2022.
Rostrum
The rostrum is the name given to the saw-like nose extension found on swordfish and sawfish.
The body and head of the fish, like the rostrum, are flat and the fish spends much of its time lying on its stomach on the ocean floor. The fish uses the rostrum to slash at their prey, wounding it and allowing the predator to devour it.
Recent sales in Australia have included some rostrum of over 150 cm in length, but most coming onto the market are 40 - 50 cm.
Rouleau Vase
A Chinese porcelain vase shape with straight cylindrical shape and a straight narrow neck raising from an angular shoulder. [Gotheborg.com]
Roundel
A roundel is a circular disk, medallion or border on a plate or dish, on an object of furniture. A plate or dish will often have a central circular bordered decoration, termed a roundel. In furniture the word is often used instead of the word 'patera' to describe a turned circular decoration. In recent times use of the word has expanded to encompass any circular area on an object.
Rowland Ward
The most famous taxidemist of the late Victorian era, Rowland Ward was born in London in 1847, and left school at 14 to work at his father Henry Ward’s taxidermy studio.
Around 1872 he established his own business in Harley Street London, and after a few years in premises in Picadilly, which he named "The Jungle". He became the taxidermist to big game hunters and for many years in the late 19th century and early 20th century was the largest and most famous taxidermist in the world.
He died in 1912 and the business continued until 1983.
Such is the esteem with which his work is held, any taxidermy coming onto the market bearing his name or intitials on a paper label or plate will command a premium.
Roy Cowan
James Robson "Roy" Cowan was a prominent New Zealand artist, born in Wellington in 1918. He was a potter, printmaker, and illustrator, and the son of writer James Cowan. Cowan attended Wellington College and Teachers Training College, where he was influenced by artist Roland Hipkins. He married potter Juliet Peter in 1952.
Cowan's artistic career began with his first exhibition at the French Maid Coffee House in 1947. He also exhibited at the Wellington-based Helen Hitchings Gallery, New Zealand's first modern dealer gallery. In 1953, Cowan and his wife travelled to London where he studied at the Slade School of Fine Art on a scholarship from the Association of New Zealand Art Societies.
He worked for the Education Department in the School Publications branch until 1959 when he became a full-time potter. He built and experimented with oil-fired kilns, contributing to wider knowledge of kiln-building and firing in New Zealand. He was awarded a QEII Arts Council grant in 1966 to study kiln design, firing processes, and materials. Cowan also worked as a commissioner for the QEII Arts Council and the Department of Foreign Affairs, curating touring exhibitions of New Zealand art for international audiences.
Cowan's work is held in several New Zealand museums, including the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, The Dowse Art Museum, and the Christchurch Art Gallery Te Puna o Waiwhetu. He created large-scale ceramic wall murals for the 1970 World Expo in Osaka and the Reserve Bank of New Zealand in Wellington. Cowan was recognized for his contributions to art with several awards, including Member of the Order of the British Empire, Governor-General Art Award, Fellow of the New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts, and Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit. It was also featured in The Eighties Show at The Dowse Art Museum in 1999, and in 2014, a joint exhibition of his and his wife's work, 'A Modest Modernism: Roy Cowan and Juliet Peter', was held at The Dowse Art Museum. Cowan was an influential figure in the New Zealand art scene, contributing to the development of pottery and promoting New Zealand art internationally.
Royal Albert
The Royal Albert brand only came into being in 1904, even though the pottery works where it was produced, the Albert Works, (named after Prince Albert, Queen Victoria’s Consort and husband), had been in production since 1846.
Thomas Clarke Wild and his father, Thomas Wild Senior, bought the Albert Works, in Longton, in 1895. They decided to specialise in affordable tea, breakfast and dessert wares with floral designs, branded as Thomas C. Wild & Co, 1 with a backstamp of "T.C.W".
The association with name of Prince Albert ultimately led to the future success of the company. Thomas Wild and Co produced a range of Commemorative pieces for Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee, and she presented them with a Royal Warrant.
Thomas Clarke Wild II became sole proprietor on the death of his father in 1898. In 1904, as a result of the Royal Warrant and their many links to the Royal Household, he decided to take the brand name of Royal Albert.
Royal Albert soon established itself as a leading producer of high-quality bone china, specializing in tea sets and dinnerware. The company's early designs were heavily influenced by the Art Nouveau and Art Deco movements, which were popular at the time.
In the 1920s, Royal Albert began producing a series of commemorative pieces to mark special events such as the coronation of King George V in 1911 and the Silver Jubilee of King George V in 1935. These pieces were highly sought after by collectors and helped to establish Royal Albert as a premier maker of fine china.
As the business prospered Thomas Wild II acquired other factories and by the early 1920s, owned, or had controlling interests in, about 15 North Staffordshire potteries.
During World War II, as a successful exporter, the business remained in production. After the war, the company resumed its normal production of fine china, introducing new designs that were more modern and vibrant, such as the Old Country Roses pattern which was launched in 1962 and became the company's most successful design.
In 1964, Royal Albert, still trading as T. C. Wild & Sons Ltd was purchased by the Pearson Group, which was itself taken over by Allied English Potteries (AEP) in 1970. At this time the name of the business itself was changed to Royal Albert Ltd.
In 1972, Royal Albert was merged in to the Royal Doulton group, which continued to produce Royal Albert china patterns. Production of Royal Albert China was moved to Indonesia in 2002. In 2005, the company was acquired by the Waterford Wedgwood group, but in 2009, following the collapse of the group, Royal Albert was acquired by WWRD Holdings Ltd., which is now part of the Fiskars Corporation.
Today, Royal Albert continues to produce high-quality bone china, with many of its classic designs still in production, including Old Country Roses, Moonlight Rose, and Lady Carlyle. The company also releases new designs and collections, often inspired by British culture and heritage.
Royal Bayreuth
The Royal Bayreuth (Koniglich Priv. Porcelain Factory Co.), Germany, was founded 1794, and was the first porcelain factory in Bavaria. The factory was established by Friedrich Christian von Marwitz, a Prussian officer who had been granted permission to operate a porcelain factory by the Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth.
The early years of the factory were difficult, but it eventually began to produce high-quality porcelain that was comparable to that of the famous Meissen factory. In 1812, the factory was granted the title of "Koniglich Priv. Porzellanfabrik Tettau" (Royal Bavarian Porcelain Factory Tettau) by King Maximilian I of Bavaria.
In the late 19th century, Royal Bayreuth began to produce figural pieces which often depict animals, children, and historical figures and novelties. The factory was also one of the first to produce porcelain wares with transfer-printed designs, which made them more affordable for a wider range of consumers.
Royal Bayreuth porcelain is known for its high quality, durability, and elegant designs. The factory's most famous patterns include "Rose Tapestry," "Onion," and "Wild Rose." Royal Bayreuth porcelain is also known for its figural pieces, which often depict animals, children, and historical figures.
Royal Bayreuth porcelain was exported worldwide, and the factory was a major employer in the Tettau region. However, the factory suffered significant damage during World War II, and it did not resume production until 1948. In 1968, the factory was acquired by the Rosenthal Group, and it continued to produce porcelain under the Royal Bayreuth brand until 1989. In 2002, the factory was sold to a private investor, and it resumed production of Royal Bayreuth porcelain in 2007. Royal Bayreuth porcelain is still produced in the town of Tettau, Germany.
Royal Bonn Porcelain
Royal Bonn porcelain was a German porcelain and earthenware manufacturer founded in 1836 by Franz Anton Mehlem in Bonn, Germany. The company produced high-quality works of both porcelain and earthenware, which soon became popular among the elite European aristocracy.
Mehlem was a skilled potter and artist, and he brought a great deal of talent and innovation to the Royal Bonn manufactory. He was particularly known for his use of delicate floral and landscape designs, which were often hand-painted in shades of blue, green, and yellow. The company also produced a wide variety of other decorative objects, including figurines, vases, and clocks.
Royal Bonn porcelain was marked with a variety of different symbols over the years. The most common mark was a monogram-and-tower, which appeared on exported pottery only with Germany added. In 1890, the words "Royal" and "1755" were added to the mark, and this was used continuously until 1920.
In 1921, Royal Bonn was purchased by Villeroy & Boch, and the factory closed in 1931. However, the Royal Bonn name and mark are still used today by Villeroy & Boch for some of its porcelain products.
Royal Bonn porcelain is considered to be highly collectible, particuarly items from the early 20th century.
Royal Brierley / Stevens & Williams
Royal Brierley is a fine cut glass brand, based in North Devon. It is one of the oldest crystal glass brands in England. The trading name Stevens & Williams was used until the 1930s when the company became Royal Brierley Crystal to signify its royal warrant of appointment as glassmakers. The first royal warrant was awarded by King George V and the most recent by Charles, Prince of Wales.
The company was founded in 1776 by Robert Bague at Brierley Hill, near Stourbridge in the English Midlands. The glassworks was originally located in the village of Brierley, but it moved to a new site in Moor Lane in 1784. The company was acquired by Joseph Silver in 1824, and it was under his ownership that the company began to produce high-quality cut glass.
In 1847, the company was acquired by William Stevens and Samuel Cox-Williams. The two men renamed the company Stevens & Williams, and they continued to produce high-quality cut glass. The company was awarded its first royal warrant in 1919 by King George V.
In 1968, the company changed its name to Royal Brierley Crystal. The company continued to produce high-quality cut glass, and it also began to produce a range of other glassware, including stemware, tumblers, and bowls.
In 2002, the company's factory in Brierley Hill closed. The company's operations were moved to a new factory in Tipton, England.
Royal Brierley Crystal is now owned by Dartington Crystal and continues to produce high-quality cut glass, and also produces a range of other glassware.
View further examples of Royal Brierley / Stevens & Williams
Royal Copenhagen
Royal Copenhagen is a Danish porcelain manufacturer that was founded in 1775 by Queen Juliane Marie and entrepreneur Frantz Heinrich Muller. The company is based in Copenhagen, Denmark and is known for producing high-quality porcelain tableware, figurines and decorative items. The company's signature blue and white porcelain, which was inspired by Chinese export porcelain, has become a symbol of Danish craftsmanship and design.
The company's early years were marked by financial struggles, but by the early 19th century, it had become one of the most important porcelain manufacturers in Europe. In 1868 the factory was converted into a limited company and in 1882 it became a state-owned company.
In the 20th century, the company collaborated with a number of prominent designers, such as Arnold Krog and Georg Jensen, to create new designs and product lines. Today, Royal Copenhagen continues to produce high-quality porcelain, and its products are sold in more than 50 countries around the world.
Royal Crown Derby
Royal Crown Derby is a British porcelain manufacturer that was founded in 1750 in Derby, England. The company was originally known as "Derby Porcelain," and it produced a wide range of ceramic items, including tableware, vases, and figurines. In 1775, the company was granted a royal warrant by King George III, which allowed it to use the title "Royal Crown Derby."
Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Royal Crown Derby established a reputation for producing high-quality, hand-painted porcelain with intricate designs. The company's porcelain was known for its delicate and detailed patterns, as well as its bright and vibrant colors. It also produced a wide variety of items, including plates, cups, saucers, figurines, and vases. Many of these pieces were decorated with gold and other precious metals, which added to their luxury and elegance.
In the 19th century, Royal Crown Derby became known for its Imari-style porcelain. Imari is a type of Japanese porcelain that is characterized by its bold, colorful designs, and Royal Crown Derby's Imari-style porcelain featured similar patterns and colors.
In the 20th century, the company continued to produce high-quality porcelain, and it began to focus more on the production of luxury items, such as figurines and vases. Today, Royal Crown Derby is still in operation, and it continues to produce a wide range of porcelain items, including tableware, figurines, and vases.
Royal Doulton "hn" Numbering System
The Royal Doulton "HN" numbering system has proven to be a very orderly way of identifying each individual Royal Doulton figure. The "HN" refers to Harry Nixon who was in charge of the new figure painting department in Doulton's very early years.
The HN numbering system has endured the test of time to be still used today. Over time, Royal Doulton has issued over 4000 individual HN numbers although they all are not new models - some are assigned to specific colourway variations and some cross over to be used to identify animal figures.
View further examples of Royal Doulton "hn" Numbering System
Royal Doulton Bunnykins Figures
Very few 20th century collectables have seen a more stellar rise in price than Royal Doulton Bunnykins figures. When Royal Doulton took over the Beswick factory in 1969, they acquired the modelling talents of Mr Albert Hallam who had previously worked on the similarly highly collectable Beswick Beatrix Potter figures. Royal Doulton Bunnykins figurines are a series of collectible ceramic figures that depict anthropomorphic rabbits in a variety of scenes and settings.
Designer Charles Noke introduced the Bunnykins figurines in 1939 with six original Bunnykins figurines based on illustrations by Sister Mary Barbara Bailey, a nun at the Royal Doulton factory who was also an accomplished artist. Sister Mary Barbara based the characters on a family of rabbits she had created for a children's book, and the first Bunnykins figurines were sold as part of a children's dinnerware set.
After the Bunnykins figures were launched in 1972 with DB pattern numbers production was discontinued during World War II and the reintroduced in 1969, They are approximately 4 inches in height. All were inspired by Royal Doulton Nurseryware patterns - this continued until 1974 when there were a total of 15 figures in the range.
From the 1980's through to the present day has seen many general range, special colourway and Limited Edition Bunnykins figures released - with now well over 300 Royal Doulton Bunnykins figures for collectors to be enthused about. After the closure of Royal Doulton factory in England in 2005, Bunnykins figurines were produced in Asia. In addition to the figurines themselves, the Bunnykins line also includes a variety of other collectibles, such as plates, mugs, and other ceramic items.
Some of the Limited Edition figures have seen price rises of over 1000% in a very short time and with many of the figures in short supply and high demand, there is no reason for this collectables success not to continue unabated.
Royal Doulton Chang Ware
Royal Doulton has produced a wide range of ceramics over the years, including a line of porcelain known as "Chang Ware."
It's said to be inspired by the traditional Chinese pottery, which was produced during the Song dynasty (960-1279 AD). It is known for its thin walls, delicate shapes, and intricate designs, which were often painted in a range of colors including blue, green, and yellow. The Royal Doulton Chang ware collection was produced in the early 20th century.
Royal Doulton History
The Doulton factory was established in 1815 in Lambeth, South London by John Doulton (1793 - 1873), who had previously been employed at the nearby Fulham Pottery. He initially had two partners, Martha Jones and John Watts, the former of who left the company in 1820, and the latter in 1854.
He began by producing practical and decorative stoneware, such as bottles and sewer pipes from his small pottery
John's son Henry (1820 - 1897) joined the company in 1835 and the production of stoneware items was expanded to include laboratory articles, sanitary ware and drainpipes, which were sold worldwide.
In the mid 1850s John Doulton began experimenting with a more decorative pottery items. Many glazes and decorative effects were developed including faience, impasto, silicon, carrara, marqueterie, chine, and rouge flambe.
From about 1860, Doulton began to revive earlier types of stoneware, such as copies of 18th-century vessels. The famous salt-glazed wares with blue decoration first appeared in 1862.
Through Henry Doulton, the pottery became associated with the Lambeth School of Art directed by John Sparkes from about 1866.
He trained the sculptor George Tinworth who joined Doulton as the first resident sculptor in 1867. Tinworth enjoyed a long career at the Lambeth studio, producing a wide range of figures, vases, jugs, tankards and reliefs, as well as fountains and monumental sculptures.
The international popularity of the art pottery produced at Lambeth led to the number of art potters increasing from six in 1873 to 345 in 1890, including such famous names as Frank Butler, Eliza Simmance, Arthur Barlow and his sisters Hannah and Florence Barlow.
In 1877, Henry Doulton invested in Pinder, Bourne & Co., a pottery on Nile Street, Burslem, Staffordshire, to manufacture tableware and ornamental ware.
When Henry Doulton died in 1897, Henry's son Henry Lewis Doulton took over control of the company. The company continued to hire talented artists including the next art director Charles Noke, Harry Tittensor, Joseph Hancock, and many others.
The company was granted the Royal Warrant by Edward VII in 1901. Production continued at the Lambeth factory until 1956, after which Doulton concentrated on their activities at Burslem.
In the 1960s, the company made a series of acquisitions. In 1968 it purchased Minton China, a company founded in 1793, and Dunn Bennett, a company founded in 1876 manufacturing hotel ware. These were followed by Webb Corbett and Beswick in 1969.
In 1972 Pearson PLC purchased Doulton & Co. Pearson had a controlling interest in Allied English Potteries and combined the two tableware groups under the Royal Doulton Tableware name, but in 1993 Pearson returned the Doulton group to public ownership, and it was listed on the London Stock Exchange.
The company made further acquisitions in the 1990s but sales were stagnant and in 1997 the company was forced to restructure, cutting its workforce and range of products.
Losses continued despite further attempts to cut costs, including closing the Nile Street Burslem factory in 2005, and the company went administration in 2009.
It is now part of WWRD Holdings Ltd., the name being an acronym for the main components of the business: Waterford, Wedgwood and Royal Doulton
Royal Doulton Silicon Ware
Royal Doulton Silicon Ware was mainly produced from 1880 to 1912, although examples exist up to 1930. It consists of a very hard high-fired stoneware body in light brown and blue, covered in a barely perceptible matt glaze known as 'smear'.
Silicon Ware objects are usually decorated with applied beads, rosettes and medallions, sometimes by major Doulton artists such as Eliza Simmance, Florence Barlow and Edith Lupton.
Royal Dux Porcelain
Royal Dux porcelain is a type of fine porcelain that was first produced in the town of Duchcov, in what is now the Czech Republic, in the late 19th century. The company was founded in 1853 by Eduard Eichler, who was a skilled potter and entrepreneur. In 1860, the company began producing fine porcelain pieces, and in 1896 it was granted the status of a "purveyor to the imperial and royal court" by Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria.
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Royal Dux became known for its innovative designs and high-quality craftsmanship. The company was particularly renowned for its figurines, which depicted a wide range of subjects, including animals, children, and historical figures.
One of the most distinctive features of Royal Dux porcelain is its signature white matte glaze, which gives the pieces a soft, velvety texture. The company also produced pieces with a glossy glaze and a range of decorative techniques, including hand-painted designs, gilding, and relief work.
During the 20th century, Royal Dux continued to produce high-quality porcelain pieces, but the company faced many challenges, including economic downturns, two world wars, and changes in consumer tastes. In the late 20th century, the company faced financial difficulties and was eventually nationalized by the communist government of Czechoslovakia.
After the fall of communism in 1989, Royal Dux was privatized and returned to private ownership. Today, the company continues to produce fine porcelain pieces, including figurines, vases, and other decorative objects. Royal Dux porcelain remains highly prized by collectors and enthusiasts around the world for its beauty, craftsmanship, and historical significance.
Rud Thygesen
Rud Laurids Thygesen was born in Saeby, Denmark in 1932. He studied at the School of Arts and Crafts in Copenhagen from 1955 to 1966. After graduating, he worked as a designer for various furniture companies, including FDB Møbler and Botium. He was a prolific designer, and he created a wide range of furniture, including chairs, tables, sofas, and beds. His work was influenced by the principles of Scandinavian design, which emphasized simplicity, functionality, and natural materials. He was also inspired by the work of other mid-century modern designers, such as Hans J. Wegner and Finn Juhl.
Thygesen's furniture is characterized by its clean lines, elegant proportions, and use of high-quality materials. His designs are both timeless and stylish, and they are still highly sought-after today. Some of Thygesen's most iconic designs include the "Kongeserien" furniture series, which was designed for the Danish king in 1968; the "7702" sofa, which is known for its elegant curves and comfortable design and the "Safari" chair, which is a classic example of mid-century modern design
Thygesen's furniture is represented in the collections of major museums around the world, including the Museum of Modern Art in New York City and the Danish Design Centre in Copenhagen. He was awarded the Danish Furniture Prize in 1978, and he was a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts. Thygesen died in 2019 at the age of 86. He is considered to be one of the most important Danish furniture designers of the 20th century.
Rudolph Ackermann
Rudolph Ackermann was a German-born British entrepreneur and publisher who is best known for his contributions to the development of the illustrated book and the popularization of aquatint printing in the early 19th century. Ackermann was born in Stolberg, Germany in 1764 and emigrated to England in 1783. He established a successful business in London as a print seller and publisher and is credited with introducing the fashion for colour printing in Britain. He published a number of popular illustrated books and magazines, including the Repository of Arts, Literature, Commerce, Manufactures, Fashions and Politics, which was a influential publication in its time and featured colour plates printed using the aquatint process. He died in London in 1834.
Rudolph Unger (germany, South Australia)
Unger arrived in Australia from Germany in 1883. He was in business with his sons in Adelaide between 1900 and 1904, and later on his own account until 1916. He is represented in the Art Gallery of South Australia, and a blackwood book chest incorporating a panel carved by him was presented to the Duke and Duchess of York in 1901. It is in the collection of the State Library of South Australia.
View further examples of Rudolph Unger (germany, South Australia)
Rummer
A “rummer” is a type of drinking glass that was popular
during the Georgian era. It had a wide bowl and short stem joined to a circular domed or square foot.and was often decorated with a variety of decorative elements such
as cutting, engraving, or moulding.
The glasses were not designed specifically for drinking rum, as the name implies, as the
name "rummer" is a corruption of the German word Romer, as the early
glasses were used for white wine from the Rhine region. Later, rummers were used for serving a variety of alcoholic
beverages, including rum, wine, and beer. They were often made in a range of
sizes, from small rummers for individual servings to larger ones that could
hold several servings.
The bowls of rummers were often decorated with diamond-point
engraving, which creates small, precise cuts in the glass. The engravings could
be intricate and detailed, and often featured floral or other natural motifs.
Runners
Runners or slides are wood on each side of the bottom of a drawer, being the surfaces which take the weight of the drawer and provide for its movement in and out. The runners of a drawer are usually the first areas of a drawer to display wear, due to the friction between the two surfaces. In modern cabinet making the wooden runners on th ebottom of the draer have been replaced by metal runners fixed to the side of the drawer and the side of the cabinet.
Runners
runnders.Runners or slides are wood on each side of the bottom of a drawer, being the surfaces which take the weight of the drawer and provide for its movement in and out. The runners of a drawer are usually the first areas of a drawer to display wear, due to the friction between the two surfaces. In modern cabinet making the wooden runners on the bottom of the drawer have been replaced by metal tracks, usually fixed to the side of the drawer and the side of the cabinet.
The timber bearers on the underside of an extension table that move horizontally against each other, thus moving the table in and out are also called runners. The number of bearers in a table will determine how far the table will extend.
Rush Seating
Associated with country style chairs, stools and settees, rush seats are woven from rushes, with the pattern of the weaving often dividing the the chair seat diagonally into four triangles.
The weaving of rushes has been practiced for centuries, and it is believed that some early rush seats of the 18th and 19th century were painted, although common practice now is to leave the rush in its natural state. As the rush ages the colour
Rushes of the type used in Europe for seating are not available in Australia, and instead fibre rush, a man-made product from one-ply twisted paper, is used. Another substitute material is twisted natural sea grass.
Seats in Danish furniture of the 1950s were often finished with Danish cord, a three ply twisted paper cord, which has a similar appearance to rush.
Rushforth, Peter
Peter Rushforth was born in 1920, at Manly, NSW.
Following World War II he studied ceramics at Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology.
In 1951 he was appointed to the staff of the National Art School, Sydney, and became Senior Lecturer in Ceramics there. He assisted in establishing a number of ceramics courses in institutions throughout NSW.
In 1963 he worked in Japan. In 1965 he was awarded a Churchill Scholarship. His first studio was in Sydney but in 1980 he moved to Shipley in the Blue Mountains.
During the period 1952-76 he held eight solo exhibitions at David Jones Gallery and Macquarie Galleries, Sydney; in 1972 and '77 he exhibited at The Craft Centre, South Yarra, Victoria; and in 1978 at Victor Mace Gallery, Brisbane. In 1985 a retrospective exhibition of his work was held at the National Gallery of Victoria.
He is represented in the Art Gallery of New South Wales, Art Gallery of South Australia, Australian National Gallery, Canberra, National Gallery of Western Australia, Queensland Art Gallery and Newcastle City Art Gallery.
Ruskin Pottery
Ruskin Pottery was a British ceramic manufacturer that was founded in 1898 by Edward R. Taylor the first principal of both the Lincoln School of Art and the Birmingham School of Art Taylor in Smethwick, near Birmingham. The business was run by his son William Howson Taylor who was formerly a student at these schools. The company was named after the influential 19th-century art critic, John Ruskin, who was known for his advocacy of traditional craftsmanship and the importance of beauty in everyday objects.
William Howson Taylor was a trained artist and potter who had previously worked at the famous Minton pottery in Stoke-on-Trent. He was inspired by Ruskin's philosophy and set out to create a range of high-quality, handcrafted ceramics that were both beautiful and functional.
Ruskin Pottery earned a reputation for its distinctive glazes, which ranged from rich blues and greens to deep reds and browns. These glazes were created using a unique technique that involved layering different coloured glazes on top of each other to create a depth of colour and a sense of movement.
The pottery's designs were simple yet elegant, with a focus on form and texture. Ruskin Pottery produced a wide range of items, including vases, bowls, plates, and tiles, which were sold in high-end department stores such as Liberty's of London and Harrods.
The pottery exhibited at home and at international fine art exhibitions. It was awarded a "grand prize" in 1904 at the St Louis International Exhibition, and further awards were gained at other international exhibitions, including Milan 1906, Christchurch, New Zealand, 1907, London 1908, Brussels 1910, Turin 1911 and Ghent 1913.
During World War I, Ruskin Pottery struggled to find enough skilled workers to keep up with demand, and the company began to decline. In 1935, William Howson Taylor passed away, and the pottery was sold to a new owner. The company continued to produce pottery until the 1960s, but it was never able to recapture the magic of its early years.
Russell Drysdale
Russell Drysdale was an Australian artist who is best known for his paintings, particularly his depictions of the Australian outback and its inhabitants. He was born in 1912 in the UK and emigrated to Australia with his family when he was a child. He studied art in Melbourne and later in Europe, where he was influenced by modernist styles.
While Drysdale is primarily known for his paintings, he also designed a range of silverware and tableware for the Australian company Stokes Australasia and Franklin Mint. in the 1960s and 1970s. This range included dishes, plates, and plaques, all of which were marked with Drysdale's signature.
Drysdale's designs for the silver ware were inspired by Australian flora and fauna, as well as Indigenous Australian art and culture. His plates and plaques feature intricate designs in silver and other metals, often incorporating images of kangaroos, emus, and other Australian
Russell, Gordon
Sir Gordon Russell (1892–1980) came under the influence of the Arts and Crafts movement from the age of 12, after his family moved to Broadway in the Cotswolds. Following service as an officer in World War I, for which he was awarded the Military Cross in 1918, he became a furniture maker and designer. Gordon Russell Ltd. was founded in 1923 to produce furniture and by the 1930s he and his brother Dick had built a reputation as designers of modern furniture based in the Cotswold Arts and Crafts tradition. Elected a royal designer for industry in 1940 and director of the Council of Industrial Design (1947-59) later renamed the Design Council. He was the first chairman of the Crafts Council and was awarded a Knighthood in 1955 for services to design.
Russian Orthodox Religious Icons
Russian Orthodox religious icons have a rich history dating back centuries. The use of icons in the Orthodox Church can be traced back to early Christianity, and the tradition of creating and venerating religious icons has been an important part of Russian Orthodox culture for hundreds of years.
During the 17th and 18th centuries, the Russian Orthodox Church experienced a period of artistic and cultural revival known as the "Golden Age of Russian Iconography." This period saw the creation of many beautiful and intricate religious icons, which were often commissioned by wealthy patrons and displayed in churches and private homes.
The production of Russian Orthodox icons continued into the 19th and 20th centuries, with many talented artists continuing to create beautiful works of religious art. However, the production of icons was disrupted by the Soviet government, which viewed religious icons as symbols of the old order and discouraged their creation and use.
Despite the government's efforts to suppress religious iconography, the production of icons continued in secret, and many vintage Russian Orthodox icons from this period are highly valued by collectors today. These vintage icons often feature intricate details and beautiful, vibrant colours, and are a testament to the enduring power of Russian Orthodox religious art. They are valued not only for their religious significance but also for their historical and artistic importance.
Rustic
Rustic is defined as "of, relating to, or typical of country life or country people", and the items illustrated in this price guide accord with that definition.
But in the 18th and 19th century "rustic furniture" had a narrower definition. It referred to furniture where the framework was carved or moulded to resemble tree trunks and branches, and was usually for outdoor use. Rustic furniture was made in cast iron, wood, terracootta and concrete. Much of the Coalbrookdale company's cast iron furniture was of rustic design.
Ruth Castle
Ruth Castle was born in Christchurch, New Zealand, in 1928 and studied art at Canterbury University College. After graduating, she worked as a teacher and a textile designer. In 1967, she travelled to Asia to study traditional weaving techniques. This trip had a profound impact on her work and she began to experiment with new materials and techniques.
In the 1970s, Castle began to exhibit her work in galleries and museums around New Zealand. She was awarded a number of grants and fellowships, which allowed her to travel and study further. In 1981, she was awarded a QEII Arts Council grant to travel to California and Mexico to study Native American weaving techniques. Castle's work is characterized by its use of natural materials, such as rattan, flax, and wool. She often used these materials in unexpected ways, creating intricate and delicate patterns. Her work is also known for its bold colors and geometric designs.
Castle's work has been exhibited in solo and group exhibitions in galleries and museums around New Zealand, Australia, and the United States. She is represented in the collections of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, the Auckland Art Gallery Toi o T?maki, and the Christchurch Art Gallery Te Puna o Waiwhetu.
Castle was a highly influential figure in the New Zealand textile art community. She was a mentor to many young artists and her work continues to inspire and challenge contemporary textile artists.
Ruth Castle died in 2016
Rutherfords
Rutherford Jewellers were established in 1953 when Bruce Rutherford opened the first store in country Victoria. After two years spent with Sotheby’s in London from 1966, Bruce set up his business in the Melbourne. Today, two generations of the family manage the company’s three stores in Melbourne, two of which have been located in Collins Street’s Paris End for over 20 years. In 1993 Rutherford opened Melbourne’s first specialist pearl store which showcases an extensive collection of Australian South Sea strands and a huge range of Tahitian, Japanese Akoya and Freshwater pearls.
The business is still in the ownership of the Rutherford family, with Wesley Rutherford is the company’s Managing Director.